Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33469288›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2021

Exosomes Promote the Transition of Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Cells into Androgen-Independent Manner Through Up-Regulating the Heme Oxygenase-1.

Yiming Zhang, Binshen Chen, Naijin Xu, Peng Xu, Wenfeng Lin, Chunxiao Liu, Peng Huang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Predicted Proteome Association Studies of Breast, Prostate, Ovarian, and Endometrial Cancers Implicate Plasma Protein Regulation in Cancer Susceptibility.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Yiming Zhang *Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-7394-9167
Binshen Chen *Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Naijin XuDepartment of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Peng XuDepartment of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Wenfeng LinDepartment of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Chunxiao LiuDepartment of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Peng HuangDepartment of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-1867-1788
Zhujiang Hospital · CNOkayama University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCastration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is still considered incurable, even though the mechanisms of CRPC had been extensively researched. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes in the tumor microenvironment contribute to prostate cancer development and progression. However, the role of exosomes in the process of CRPC progression has not yet been determined.

methodsCo-culturing and exosome treatment assays combined with in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to determine the function of exosomes in the transformation of androgen-dependent prostate cancer (ADPC) cells into androgen-independent cells. Then, the mRNA expression profiles of ADPC cells and ADPC cells co-cultured with androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) cell-derived exosomes were studied using microarrays. After silencing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies, and MTS assay were used to confirm the mechanisms of exosome participation in CRPC progression.

resultsThe results showed that ADPC cells acquired tolerance for androgen deprivation due to the exosome-mediated communication between cells. AIPC cell-derived exosomes promoted the transformation of ADPC cells into androgen-independent cells in vivo and in vitro. Microarray analysis revealed that HMOX1 in ADPC cells was up-regulated after treatment with AIPC cell-derived exosomes. Further results showed that HMOX1 is overexpressed in human AIPC specimens and protects ADPC cells from androgen deprivation.

conclusionsOur findings revealed that exosomes contribute to CRPC progression via promoting the transition of prostate cancer cells into an androgen-independent growth stage by activating HMOX1.

Indexed as

AndrogensAnimalsCell Line, TumorDisease ProgressionExosomesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHeme Oxygenase-1HumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred NODMice, SCIDProstatic NeoplasmsProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantReceptors, AndrogenTumor MicroenvironmentAndrogensHeme Oxygenase-1Receptors, Androgencastration resistanceexosomesheme oxygenase-1prostate cancer

Identifiers

PMID33469288
PMCPMC7811443
OpenAlexW3120986486

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.