ArticleScientific reports2021
Changes in retinal microvasculature and retinal layer thickness in association with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Retinal Biomarkers to Diagnose Dementia from OCT/OCTA Images.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2023Pooled it
- Retinal Microvascular Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Quantitative ophthalmic posterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography and neurologic conditions: a review.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Exploratory Analysis of APOE ε4-Stratified Associations Between Plasma Alzheimer's Biomarkers and Retinal Imaging Metrics in Cognitively Normal Adults.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Early Detection of Dementia Through Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography in a Taiwanese Cohort.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characterizing Retinal Mitochondrial Function and Its Relations to Intraretinal Thicknesses in Healthy Adults.Current eye research · 2025Article
- Ocular changes as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- An explainable transformer model for Alzheimer's disease detection using retinal imaging.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Retinal microvascular density and inner thickness in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Multimodal photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography ocular biomarker imaging in Alzheimer's disease in mice.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Association of outer retinal and choroidal alterations with neuroimaging and clinical features in posterior cortical atrophy.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Retinal Vascular and Structural Changes in the Murine Alzheimer'sBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology in the Retina.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Investigating metabolic dysregulation in serum of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice: implications for pathogenesis and potential biomarkers.Amino acids · 2024Article
- Eye Adult Changes in Thought (Eye ACT) Study: Design and Report on the Inaugural Cohort.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- Retinal mid-peripheral capillary free zones are enlarged in cognitively unimpaired older adults at high risk for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Exploratory Longitudinal Study of Ocular Structural and Visual Functional Changes in Subjects at High Genetic Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- The Eye as a Diagnostic Tool for Alzheimer's Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biomarker tests of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are invasive and expensive. Recent developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have enabled noninvasive, cost-effective characterization of retinal layer vasculature and thickness. Using OCTA and OCT, we characterized retinal microvascular changes in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of AD and assessed their correlation with structural changes in each retinal neuronal layer. We also evaluated the effect of the APOE-ε4 genotype on retinal microvasculature and layer thickness. Retinal layer thickness did not differ between MCI patients (40 eyes) and controls (37 eyes, all p > 0.05). MCI patients had lower vessel density (VD) (p = 0.003) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and larger foveal avascular zone area (p = 0.01) of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) than those of controls. VD of the SCP correlated with the ganglion cell layer (r = 0.358, p = 0.03) and inner plexiform layer thickness (r = 0.437, p = 0.007) in MCI patients. APOE-ε4-carrying MCI patients had a lower VD of the DCP than non-carriers (p = 0.03). In conclusion, retinal microvasculature was reduced in patients with AD-associated MCI, but retinal thickness was not changed; these changes might be affected by the APOE genotype. OCTA of the retinal microvasculature may be useful to detect vascular changes in AD.
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