ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
The Tiger Rattlesnake genome reveals a complex genotype underlying a simple venom phenotype.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nature's antivenom: Combinations of conserved rattlesnake serum metalloproteinase inhibitors block the lethal action of viper venoms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Truncated Life History Underlies Rapid Local Adaptation in Island Rattlesnake Venom Expression.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Evolution of genome-wide barriers to gene flow during complex speciation in rattlesnakes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Chromosome-level reference genome for the common wall gecko (Tarentola mauritanica) enables comparative and functional studies in geckos.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- The Genetic Architecture of Venom Resistance: A Novel Approach to Target Identification and Coevolutionary Discovery.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- The Golden Lancehead Genome Reveals Distinct Selective Processes Acting on Venom Genes of an Island Endemic Snake.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms underlying early functional divergence in snake venom inferred from the genomes of two pitviper lineages.BMC biology · 2025Article
- A Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of the Western Nose-Horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes ammodytes).Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Evolutionary History of European Vipers and Their Venoms From a Multi-Omic Approach.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Orphan Three-Finger Toxins from Snake Venoms: Unexplored Library of Novel Biological Ligands with Potential New Structures and Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Snake Venomics of the Arboreal Talamancan Palm-Pitviper,Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Snake venom defensins: Defining the structural and functional characteristics of the toxin family.Journal of structural biology: X · 2025Article
- The gene regulatory mechanisms shaping the heterogeneity of venom production in the Cape coral snake.Genome biology · 2025Article
- A Segregating Structural Variant Defines Novel Venom Phenotypes in the Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Chromosome-level reference genome for the medically important Arabian horned viper (Cerastes gasperettii).GigaScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the contribution of neoVTX genes to venom diversity of Synanceia verrucosa.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- VenomCap: An exon-capture probe set for the targeted sequencing of snake venom genes.Molecular ecology resources · 2024Article
- Where the "ruber" Meets the Road: Using the Genome of the Red Diamond Rattlesnake to Unravel the Evolutionary Processes Driving Venom Evolution.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the Rhabdophis nuchalis (Hubei keelback).Scientific data · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Variation in gene regulation is ubiquitous, yet identifying the mechanisms producing such variation, especially for complex traits, is challenging. Snake venoms provide a model system for studying the phenotypic impacts of regulatory variation in complex traits because of their genetic tractability. Here, we sequence the genome of the Tiger Rattlesnake, which possesses the simplest and most toxic venom of any rattlesnake species, to determine whether the simple venom phenotype is the result of a simple genotype through gene loss or a complex genotype mediated through regulatory mechanisms. We generate the most contiguous snake-genome assembly to date and use this genome to show that gene loss, chromatin accessibility, and methylation levels all contribute to the production of the simplest, most toxic rattlesnake venom. We provide the most complete characterization of the venom gene-regulatory network to date and identify key mechanisms mediating phenotypic variation across a polygenic regulatory network.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.