ArticleJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2021
Symmetry function in gait pattern analysis in patients after unilateral transfemoral amputation using a mechanical or microprocessor prosthetic knee.
Article in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond microprocessor knees: exploring the potential of fully powered prosthetic legs.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Concurrent Validity and Reliability Between Noraxon Ultium™ IMU and Vicon OMC for Lower Limb Gait Assessment Across Variable Walking Speeds.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- [Feasibility study on biomechanical indicators as supplementary evaluation to Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring System for amputee patients].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
- Is Socket Flexion Alignment Associated With Changes in Gait Parameters in Individuals With an Above-knee Amputation and a Hip Flexion Contracture?Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Observational
- An enhancement of the Genium™ microprocessor-controlled knee improves safety and different aspects of the perceived prosthetic experience for unilateral and bilateral users.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2024Article
- Symmetry Function: The Differences between Active and Non-Active Above-the-Knee Amputees.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAbove-knee amputations (AKAs) contribute to gait asymmetry. The level of asymmetry is affected by the type of knee prosthetic module. There is limited evidence suggesting that more technically advanced solutions (microprocessor modules; MicPK) are superior to less advanced ones (mechanical modules; MechPK). The study aimed to evaluate the variable range of hip and pelvic joint movements during gait and look for differentiating areas with an increased level of asymmetry of the gait cycle in individuals who underwent an AKA and are equipped with MicPK or MechPK.
methodsTwenty-eight individuals participated in the study; 14 were assigned to a study group of individuals who underwent a unilateral AKA, and the other 14 were healthy participants as a control group. The movement task was recorded using the optoelectronic SMART-E system following the standard Davis protocol (the Newington model). A new method of quantifying gait symmetry using the symmetry function (SF) is proposed. SF is an integral measure of absolute differences in time-standardized signals between sides throughout the whole cycle of motion variability.
resultsIn the frontal plane, there were significant differences between groups in the asymmetry of the range of movement in the hip joint of the intact limb. In the middle of the support phase, the intact limb was more adducted in individuals with MicPK and less abducted in people with MechPK (differences in mean 180%, p < 0.000; max 63%, p < 0.000; min 65%, p < 0.000). In the sagittal plane, the range of asymmetry of the flexion and thigh extension of the intact limb was similar to and only slightly different from the physiological gait. In the transverse plane, higher asymmetry values were noted for individuals with MicPK. In the final stage of the swing phase, the thigh was more rotated both externally and internally. The size of the asymmetry, when compared to gait of healthy individuals, reached 50% (differences in mean 115%, p < 0.232; max 62% p < 0.26; min 50, p < 0.154).
conclusionsIn the study group, the assessed ranges of pelvic and thigh movement in the hip joint differed only in the frontal plane. Individuals who underwent a unilateral above-knee amputation may gain less from using MicPK than anticipated.
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