ReviewCancers2021
3D Cell Cultures as Prospective Models to Study Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles From Glioblastoma Cells Reflect 2D vs. 3D Culture Adaptation and Resistance to Temozolomide.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Combination of extracellular vesicles and organoids as a prospective model for cancer research (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Automated Microfluidic Platform for Single Spheroid Culture and Extracellular Vesicle Isolation: Application to Spheroid Transcriptomic Profiling.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Recent Insights into Organoid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Biomedical Applications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles and Their Validation as a Promising Treatment for Chondrosarcoma in a 3D Model in Vitro.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2025Article
- Effects of Hydrogels on Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Paracrine Activity and Extracellular Vesicles Production.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- Cancer-on-chip: a breakthrough organ-on-a-chip technology in cancer cell modeling.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2025Review
- Article
- Use of spheroids as a model to evaluate the anticancer action of animal venoms and derived molecules: 2010-2024 review.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Three-Dimensional Hepatocyte Spheroids: Model for Assessing Chemotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Breast Cancer: From Intercellular Communication to Therapeutic Opportunities.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Co-Delivery of an Innovative Organoselenium Compound and Paclitaxel by pH-Responsive PCL Nanoparticles to Synergistically Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Research progress of exosomes in the angiogenesis of digestive system tumour.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Modelling the complex nature of the tumor microenvironment: 3D tumor spheroids as an evolving tool.Journal of biomedical science · 2024Review
- Doxorubicin-loaded NK exosomes enable cytotoxicity against triple-negative breast cancer spheroids.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles secreted by 3D tumor organoids are enriched for immune regulatory signaling biomolecules compared to conventional 2D glioblastoma cell systems.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Engineering Biomimetic Nanoparticles through Extracellular Vesicle Coating in Cancer Tissue Models.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Extracellular vesicles from the CNS play pivotal roles in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration: lessons fromExtracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Production and Utility of Extracellular Vesicles with 3D Culture Methods.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Can Organoid Model Reveal a Key Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Tumors? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The improvement of culturing techniques to model the environment and physiological conditions surrounding tumors has also been applied to the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer research. EVs role is not only limited to cell-to-cell communication in tumor physiology, they are also a promising source of biomarkers, and a tool to deliver drugs and induce antitumoral activity. In the present review, we have addressed the improvements achieved by using 3D culture models to evaluate the role of EVs in tumor progression and the potential applications of EVs in diagnostics and therapeutics. The most employed assays are gel-based spheroids, often utilized to examine the cell invasion rate and angiogenesis markers upon EVs treatment. To study EVs as drug carriers, a more complex multicellular cultures and organoids from cancer stem cell populations have been developed. Such strategies provide a closer response to in vivo physiology observed responses. They are also the best models to understand the complex interactions between different populations of cells and the extracellular matrix, in which tumor-derived EVs modify epithelial or mesenchymal cells to become protumor agents. Finally, the growth of cells in 3D bioreactor-like systems is appointed as the best approach to industrial EVs production, a necessary step toward clinical translation of EVs-based therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.