ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
PPAR Gamma: From Definition to Molecular Targets and Therapy of Lung Diseases.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- FGF8 alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injuryAnnals of medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic influence of PPAR-γ rs1801282 and MTRR rs162036 variants on non-small cell lung cancer risk in Egyptians.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- The PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone alleviates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in male BALB/c mice.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Cannabigerol (CBG) Modulates Neutrophil Activity and Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- IFITM3 deficiency drives SARS-CoV-2 adaptation while preserving variant-specific traits.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recent understanding of immunometabolic remodeling in pulmonary macrophages: homeostasis, chronic respiratory diseases, and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- PPARγ: a key orchestrator of epidermal barrier, immune responses, and lipid metabolism in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis and therapy.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Glial Cells as Central Players in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Damage Caused by Bacterial Pneumonia.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- The impact of para-hydroxycinnamic acid on myofibroblast trans-differentiation in MRC-5 and A549 cell lines: in silico and in vitro evaluation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α/δ/γ Activation Profile by Endogenous Long-Chain Fatty Acids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Off-target engagement of sotorasib with PPARγ via FABP4: a novel mechanism driving interstitial lung disease.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Screening Based on Structural and Biological Verification of Stachyose as a PPARγ-Modulating Ligand for the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Molecular Docking, Dynamics, and Preclinical Studies Reveal Morin Hydrate as a Potent PPARγ and Nrf2 Agonist That Mitigates Colon Inflammation.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
- Article
- PPAR-γ in Melanoma and Immune Cells: Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications.Cells · 2025Review
- Comparison of the Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Different Garlic (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Antiviral effects and mechanism of Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan-San on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Diabetes mellitus-driven pulmonary injury: multidimensional mechanisms linking metabolic dysregulation to gut-lung axis and promising therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Classification and regulatory interactions of key transcription factors in COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulate the expression of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation. There are three members: PPARα, PPARβ or PPARγ. PPARγ have several ligands. The natural agonists are omega 9, curcumin, eicosanoids and others. Among the synthetic ligands, we highlight the thiazolidinediones, clinically used as an antidiabetic. Many of these studies involve natural or synthetic products in different pathologies. The mechanisms that regulate PPARγ involve post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, sumoylation and ubiquitination, among others. It is known that anti-inflammatory mechanisms involve the inhibition of other transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kB(NFκB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) or activator protein 1 (AP-1), or intracellular signaling proteins such as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. PPARγ transrepresses other transcription factors and consequently inhibits gene expression of inflammatory mediators, known as biomarkers for morbidity and mortality, leading to control of the exacerbated inflammation that occurs, for instance, in lung injury/acute respiratory distress. Many studies have shown the therapeutic potentials of PPARγ on pulmonary diseases. Herein, we describe activities of the PPARγ as a modulator of inflammation, focusing on lung injury and including definition and mechanisms of regulation, biological effects and molecular targets, and its role in lung diseases caused by inflammatory stimuli, bacteria and virus, and molecular-based therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.