Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33467083›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Grafting of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Sialic Acid onto Chitosan to Produce a New Amphipathic Chitosan Derivative: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity.

Wei-Yan Quan, Song-Zhi Kong, Si-Dong Li, Hua-Zhong Liu, Qian-Qian Ouyang, Yong-Mei Huang, Hui Luo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Sprayable Hydrogel Dressings in Wound-Healing Applications.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Wei-Yan QuanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Song-Zhi KongDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Si-Dong LiDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Hua-Zhong LiuDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Qian-Qian OuyangMarine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
Yong-Mei HuangMarine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
Hui LuoMarine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
Guangdong Medical College · CNGuangdong Ocean University · CNMarine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitosan is the only cationic polysaccharide found in nature. It has broad application prospects in biomaterials, but its application is limited due to its poor solubility in water. A novel chitosan derivative was synthesized by amidation of chitosan with 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid. The chitosan derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and measurement of the zeta potential. We also investigated the solubility, cytotoxicity, and blood compatibility of chitosan derivatives. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid could be grafted onto chitosan molecular chains. The thermal stability of the synthesized chitosan derivatives was decreased and the surface was positively charged in water and phosphate-buffered saline. After chitosan had been modified by 18 β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid, the solubility of chitosan was improved greatly in water and phosphate-buffered saline, and percent hemolysis was <5%. Novel amphiphilic chitosan derivatives could be suitable polymers for biomedical purposes.

Indexed as

ChitosanMaterials TestingN-Acetylneuraminic AcidCell LineGlycyrrhetinic AcidHumansSolubility18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acidChitosanGlycyrrhetinic AcidN-Acetylneuraminic Acid18β-glycyrrhetinic acidchitosanchitosan derivativescytotoxicitysialic acid

Identifiers

PMID33467083
PMCPMC7829902
OpenAlexW3125618141

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.