ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Effects of Hand-Washing Facilities with Water and Soap on Diarrhea Incidence among Children under Five Years in Lao People's Democratic Republic: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the burden of diarrheal disease and associated WASH practices in rural West Bengal, India: an explanatory sequential mixed-method approach.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Animals in child sleeping spaces and unimproved sanitation associated with diarrhea among young children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: WASHmobile PICHA7 prospective cohort study.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Socio-Demographic and Household Environmental Conditions Associated With Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease in Burao, Somaliland.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Involving Children Under 5 years in a Hand Hygiene Intervention Study at Preschools in South Africa.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) analysis of Amansea and Ugwuoba livestock market settlements and bacteriological quality investigation of drinking water sources at Amansea, Nigeria.African health sciences · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Domestic Animals, Environmental and Behavioral Factors, and Under-Five Diarrhea in Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A Matched Case-Control Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Comorbidity of diarrhea and respiratory infection symptoms, and associated factors among under-five children in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Primary health care situations in remote rural villages of the Savannakhet province, Lao People's Democratic Republic.Tropical medicine and health · 2022Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Diarrheal Episodes in an Agricultural Community in Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam: A Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Predictors of Hand-Washing Practices at Critical Times Among Mothers of Under-5 Years Old Children in Rural Setting of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.Environmental health insights · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diarrhea is a leading cause of death among children under five (U5) in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). This study assessed the association between the presence of household hand-washing facilities with water and soap and diarrhea episodes among children U5 in Lao PDR. Data from the Lao Social Indicator Survey II were used. The outcome variable was diarrhea episodes in the two weeks preceding the survey. The main predictor variable was the presence of household hand-washing facilities with or without water and/or soap. Mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association, controlling for clustering, and other predictor variables. Of the 8640 households surveyed with 11,404 children, 49.1% possessed hand-washing facilities with both water and soap and 34.7% possessed hand-washing facilities with water alone. Children whose households possessed hand-washing facilities with water alone were significantly more likely to have a diarrhea episode compared to children whose households possessed hand-washing facilities with both water and soap (8.1% vs. 5.9%; odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-1.81). The association remained significant even after adjusting for other predictors. The absence of soap in hand-washing facilities was associated with higher odds of having a diarrhea episode among children U5 in Lao PDR.
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