Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33466749›Full record

ArticleBrain sciences2021

Gait Recovery with an Overground Powered Exoskeleton: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Subacute Stroke Subjects.

Franco Molteni, Eleonora Guanziroli, Michela Goffredo, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò, Sanaz Pournajaf, Marina Gaffuri, Giulio Gasperini, Serena Filoni, Silvano Baratta, Daniele Galafate and 4 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05241457 (Achieving Meaningful Clinical Benchmarks With Ekso Gait Training During Acute Stroke Inpatient Rehabilitation.), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05241457 completednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Achieving Meaningful Clinical Benchmarks With Ekso Gait Training During Acute Stroke Inpatient Rehabilitation.

TypeobservationalSponsorSunnyview Rehabilitation HospitalRan2022 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsStroke, Stroke, Acute, Cerebrovascular Accident, Cerebrovascular Accident, AcuteArmsEkso gait training, Standard physical therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  20. Effect and optimal exercise prescription of robot-assisted gait training on lower extremity motor function in stroke patients: a network meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Franco MolteniVilla Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Valduce Hospital, Costa Masnaga, 23845 Lecco, Italy.
Eleonora GuanziroliVilla Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Valduce Hospital, Costa Masnaga, 23845 Lecco, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7512-5372
Michela GoffredoNeurorehabilitation Research Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2651-8479
Rocco Salvatore CalabròNeurorobotic Rehabilitation, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8566-3166
Sanaz PournajafNeurorehabilitation Research Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8749-2236
Marina GaffuriVilla Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Valduce Hospital, Costa Masnaga, 23845 Lecco, Italy.
Giulio GasperiniVilla Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Valduce Hospital, Costa Masnaga, 23845 Lecco, Italy.
Serena FiloniFondazione Centri di Riabilitazione Padre Pio Onlus, 71013 Foggia, Italy.
Silvano BarattaSCRIN Trevi Dipartimento di Riabilitazione USL Umbria 2, 06039 Perugia, Italy.
Daniele GalafateNeurorehabilitation Research Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Domenica Le PeraNeurorehabilitation Research Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Placido BramantiNeurorobotic Rehabilitation, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy.
Marco FranceschiniNeurorehabilitation Research Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy.
On Behalf Of Italian Eksogait Study Group

Funding

Ministero della Salute RicercaCorrente
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOverground Robot-Assisted Gait Training (o-RAGT) provides intensive gait rehabilitation. This study investigated the efficacy of o-RAGT in subacute stroke subjects, compared to conventional gait training.

methodsA multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted on 75 subacute stroke subjects (38 in the Experimental Group (EG) and 37 in the Control Group (CG)). Both groups received 15 sessions of gait training (5 sessions/week for 60 min) and daily conventional rehabilitation. The subjects were assessed at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of the training period with the primary outcome of a 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), the Modified Ashworth Scale of the Affected lower Limb (MAS-AL), the Motricity Index of the Affected lower Limb (MI-AL), the Trunk Control Test (TCT), Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC), a 10 Meters Walking Test (10MWT), the modified Barthel Index (mBI), and the Walking Handicap Scale (WHS).

resultsThe 6MWT increased in both groups, which was confirmed by both frequentist and Bayesian analyses. Similar outcomes were registered in the MI-AL, 10MWT, mBI, and MAS-AL. The FAC and WHS showed a significant number of subjects improving in functional and community ambulation in both groups at T2.

conclusionsThe clinical effects of o-RAGT were similar to conventional gait training in subacute stroke subjects. The results obtained in this study are encouraging and suggest future clinical trials on the topic.

Indexed as

exoskeleton deviceneurologic gait disordersrehabilitationrobot-assisted gait trainingstroke

Identifiers

PMID33466749
PMCPMC7830339

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.