Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33466428›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2021

Aerosolized Niosome Formulation Containing Gemcitabine and Cisplatin for Lung Cancer Treatment: Optimization, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation.

Norfatin Izzatie Mohamad Saimi, Norazlinaliza Salim, Noraini Ahmad, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
7.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. Lipid-Based Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Norfatin Izzatie Mohamad SaimiIntegrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-1057-3323
Norazlinaliza SalimIntegrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-5295-8390
Noraini AhmadDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-1174-4748
Emilia AbdulmalekIntegrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul RahmanIntegrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-5665-2564
Universiti Putra Malaysia · MYUniversity of Malaya · MY

Funding

Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia RU029-2014/5526306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gemcitabine (Gem) and cisplatin (Cis) are currently being used for lung cancer treatment, but they are highly toxic in high dosages. This research aimed to develop a niosome formulation containing a low-dosage Gem and Cis (NGC), as an alternative formulation for lung cancer treatment. NGC was prepared using a very simple heating method and was further optimized by D-optimal mixture design. The optimum NGC formulation with particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of 166.45 nm, 0.16, and -15.28 mV, respectively, was obtained and remained stable at 27 °C with no phase separation for up to 90 days. The aerosol output was 96.22%, which indicates its suitability as aerosolized formulation. An in vitro drug release study using the dialysis bag diffusion technique showed controlled release for both drugs up to 24 h penetration. A cytotoxicity study against normal lung (MRC5) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines was investigated. The results showed that the optimized NGC had reduced cytotoxicity effects against both MRC5 and A549 when compared with the control (Gem + Cis alone) from very toxic (IC

Indexed as

aerosol outputcisplatingemcitabineheating methodlung cancerniosome

Identifiers

PMID33466428
PMCPMC7824823
OpenAlexW3120936969

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.