Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33465488›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2021

Seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in the early months of the pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

Ayman Banjar, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq, Amaal Alruwaily, Haleema Alserehi, Ada Al-Qunaibet, Rehab Alaswad, Hind Almutlaq, Abdullah Almudaiheem, Abdullah T Khojah, Faisal Alsaif and 12 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among healthy blood donors: a single centre study.Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis · 2022
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  20. Dramatic rise in seroprevalence rates of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors: The evolution of a pandemic.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Ayman BanjarDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jaffar A Al-TawfiqInfectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: jaffar.tawfiq@jhah.com.
Amaal AlruwailySaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Haleema AlserehiSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ada Al-QunaibetSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Rehab AlaswadSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hind AlmutlaqSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlmudaiheemSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah T KhojahFaculty of Medicine, Al Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal AlsaifFaculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Shaza Karim AlmoladSaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saeed AlqahtaniDeputy Ministry for Laboratories and Blood Banks, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlJurayyanKing Fahad Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlotaibiDammam Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Safar AlmalkiJeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Yousef AbuhaimedKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlkhashanDeputy Ministry for Laboratories and Blood Banks, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Amal AlfaifiDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Khaled AlabdulkareemDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Medicine, Al Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hani JokhdarDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AssiriDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sami AlmudarraDeputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: salmudarra@moh.gov.sa.
Ministry of Health · SASaudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control · SAImam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University · SAIndiana University School of MedicineKing Fahd Medical City · SAKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences · SAKing Saud University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSerologic testing provides better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and its transmission. This study was an investigation of the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Saudi Arabia.

objectiveTo estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among blood donors in Saudi Arabia during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsSerology results and epidemiological data were analyzed for 837 adult blood donors, with no confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, in Saudi Arabia from 20th to 25th May 2020. Seroprevalence was determined using electrochemical immunoassay to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

resultsThe overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 1.4% (12/837). Non-citizens had higher seroprevalence compared with citizens (OR 13.6, p = 0.001). Secondary education was significantly associated with higher seroprevalence compared with higher education (OR 6.8, p = 0.005). The data showed that the highest seroprevalence was in Makkah (8.1%). Uisng Makkah seroprevalence as the reference, the seroprevalence in other areas was: Madinah 4.1% (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.12-1.94), Jeddah 2.3% (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.31-2.25), and Qassim 2.9 % (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.04-2.89) and these were not statistically different from seroprevalence in the Makkah region.

conclusionsAt the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors was low, but was higher among non-citizens. These findings may indicate that non-citizens and less educated individuals may be less attentive to preventive measures. Monitoring seroprevalence trends over time require repeated sampling.

Indexed as

Blood DonorsAdolescentAdultAgedAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansImmunoassayImmunoglobulin GMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2Saudi ArabiaSeroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin GBlood donorsCOVID-19IgG antibodySARS-CoV-2SerologySeroprevalence

Identifiers

PMID33465488
PMCPMC7816871
OpenAlexW3125419589

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.