GuidelineForensic science, medicine, and pathology2021
Microbiology in minimally invasive autopsy: best techniques to detect infection. ESGFOR (ESCMID study group of forensic and post-mortem microbiology) guidelines.
Guideline in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- First Forensic Case of Fatal Salmonella typhimurium var. Copenhagen Gastroenteritis Diagnosed by Postmortem Microbiology.The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology · 2026Article
- Sepsis or artifact? Forging a standardized framework for forensic microbiology as an unassailable evidentiary pillar.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Article
- Rationale and Design of the MIA Trial: A Proof-of-Concept Study of Minimally Invasive Autopsy in an Infectious Cause of Death in a Scandinavian ICU Setting.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026Review
- Postmortem Microbiology in Forensic Diagnostics: Interpretation of Infectious Causes of Death and Emerging Applications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From Fragile Lives to Forensic Truth: Multimodal Forensic Approaches to Pediatric Homicide and Suspect Death.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- What are our options for mortality data collection and how can they provide HIV-specific information?Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Review
- Exploring the role of the human microbiome in forensic identification: opportunities and challenges.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Review
- Forensic Microbiology: When, Where and How.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Concordance between MITS and conventional autopsies for pathological and virological diagnoses.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- The Future Is Now: Unraveling the Expanding Potential of Human (Necro)Microbiome in Forensic Investigations.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The role of microorganisms in the biotransformation of psychoactive substances and its forensic relevance: a critical interdisciplinary review.Forensic sciences research · 2023Review
- Lesions and pathogens found in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms.Porcine health management · 2023Article
- Cost Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (MITS) Implementation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Pyogenic meningitis and trigeminal neuritis secondary to periodontogenic paranasal sinusitis in a red deer (Cervus elaphus).The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This manuscript aims to: 1) provide specific guidelines on PMM techniques in the setting of minimally invasive autopsy (MIA), both for pathologists collecting samples and for microbiologists advising pathologists and interpreting the results and 2) introduce standardization in PMM sampling at MIA. Post-mortem microbiology (PMM) is crucial to identify the causative organism in deaths due to infection. MIA including the use of post-mortem (PM) computed tomography (CT) and PM magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is increasingly carried out as a complement or replacement for the traditional PM. In this setting, mirroring the traditional autopsy, PMM aims to: detect infectious organisms causing sudden unexpected deaths; confirm clinically suspected but unproven infection; evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy; identify emergent pathogens; and recognize medical diagnostic errors. Meaningful interpretation of PMM results requires careful evaluation in the context of the clinical history, macroscopic and microscopic findings. These guidelines were developed by a multidisciplinary team with experts in various fields of microbiology and pathology on behalf of the ESGFOR (ESCMID - European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - Study Group of Forensic and Post-mortem Microbiology, in collaboration with the ESP -European Society of Pathology-) based on a literature search and the author's expertise. Microbiological sampling methods for MIA are presented for various scenarios: adults, children, developed and developing countries. Concordance between MIA and conventional invasive autopsy is substantial for children and adults and moderate for neonates and maternal deaths. Networking and closer collaboration among microbiologists and pathologists is vital to maximize the yield of PMM in MIA.
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