ArticleEmergency radiology2021
Hemorrhagic cholecystitis: ultrasound and CT imaging findings-a retrospective case review series.
Article in Emergency radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Acute gallbladder pathologies beyond uncomplicated cholecystitis.Emergency radiology · 2025Review
- Spontaneous Haemorrhagic Gallbladder Rupture Causing Shock in a Background of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.Cureus · 2025Article
- Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis Due to Rupture of Underlying Anomalous Duplicated Cystic Arteries.ACG case reports journal · 2024Article
- Management of NSAID-Induced Penetrating Gastric Ulcer Complicated by Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis: The Role of Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- Haemorrhagic cholecystitis in a young patient, complicated by gallbladder perforation and choledocholithiasis.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Cholecystoenterostomy for Acute Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis Drainage.ACG case reports journal · 2023Article
- COVID-19 associated spontaneous hemorrhagic cholecystitis.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Hemobilia and hemocholecyst as an unusual presentation of gallblader cancer: Report of a case.International journal of surgery case reports · 2022Article
- Perforated hemorrhagic cholecystitis in a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- A case of haemorrhagic cholecystitis with no risk factors.Journal of surgical case reports · 2021Article
- Hemorrhagic cholecystitis with auto-avulsion.Radiology case reports · 2021Article
- Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis: A Rare Cause of Melena.Cureus · 2021Article
- The Clinical Significance of Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis.JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic SurgeonsArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeGallbladder pathology is diverse, and imaging tests are essential tools for its diagnosis. Acute cholecystitis has multiple manifestations or complications, one of which is hemorrhagic cholecystitis (HC). In the current literature, this pathology has been described only in the spectrum of acute cholecystitis complications, case reports, or series with a maximum of 2 to 3 cases. After a retrospective review, we present 11 cases of hemorrhagic cholecystitis and discuss its various causes, clinical presentations, and findings on ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT), considering dual-energy CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
methodsA retrospective review of 6 years (2012-2018) of hemorrhagic cholecystitis cases diagnosed at our hospital was performed. A search engine of medical terms was used and the database of radiological cases in the emergency department of the hospital. After a careful review by two emergency and one abdominal radiologists, 11 patients were identified as hemorrhagic cholecystitis cases according to their clinical, radiological, and surgical records and confirmed with pathology reports.
resultsBoth lithiasis and anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy were the most common etiologies found (9 patients, 82%). The clinical presentation may be misleading, simulating a usual cholecystitis episode with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, or manifesting with signs of bile duct obstruction, hematemesis, or anemia that may compromise the patient hemodynamically and become fatal. US is useful, but CT is the most complete test for evaluating hemorrhagic cholecystitis and was performed in all the patients. The common findings were inflammatory changes in all patients (100%), hemobilia in 10 patients (91%), hemoperitoneum in 6 patients (55%), intestinal bleeding in 3 patients (27%), and occasionally perihepatic hematomas or signs of active bleeding.
conclusionAlthough a rare entity, hemorrhagic cholecystitis may be present, and management can be delayed if the appropriate imaging modality is not used for diagnosis.
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