Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33463368›Full record

ArticleCirculation. Cardiovascular imaging2021

Left Atrial Volumetric/Mechanical Coupling Index: A Novel Predictor of Outcome in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Giovanni Benfari, Benjamin Essayagh, Stefano Nistri, Joseph Maalouf, Andrea Rossi, Prabin Thapa, Hector I Michelena, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano

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Article in Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  10. Review
  11. A Practical Predictor for Identifying Reverse-Dipper Blood Pressure Patterns: Left Atrial Coupling Index.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025
    Article
  12. Observational
  13. Article
  14. Relationship Between Left Atrial Coupling Index and Atrial High-Rate Episodes.Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Left Atrial Function and Incident Heart Failure in Older Adults.Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Giovanni BenfariDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Benjamin EssayaghDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Stefano NistriCMSR Veneto Medica, Cardiology Service, Altavilla Vicentina, Vicenza, Italy (S.N.).
Joseph MaaloufDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Andrea RossiUniversity of Verona, Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Italy (G.B., A.R.).
Prabin ThapaDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Hector I MichelenaDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Maurice Enriquez-SaranoDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (G.B., B.E., J.M., P.T., H.I.M., M.E.-S.).
Mayo Clinic · USUniversity of Verona · ITInternational Renal Research Institute of Vicenza · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLeft atrial assessment is complex, particularly in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to interactions with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Pilot data suggest that left atrial volumetric/mechanical coupling index (LACI) may be useful, but large outcome data are lacking.

methodsWe enrolled a comprehensively characterized cohort of patients in sinus rhythm with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction diagnosis at Mayo Clinic from 2007 to 2011. Routinely measured left atrial volume index and tissue-doppler-imaging a' allowed LACI calculation as (left atrial volume index)/(tissue-doppler-imaging a'). Survival was the outcome measured.

resultsThe cohort's 4196 patients (69 [58-77] years, ejection fraction 40 [31-45]%) had mild FMR in 1505 and moderate-severe FMR in 1068. LACI was overall 5.06 (3.50-8.10) and increased with each FMR grade (3.86 [2.94-5.29] without FMR, 5.38 [3.80-8.02] with mild, 5.45 [1.49-8.07] with moderate/severe FMR;

conclusionsIn this large cohort, left atrial volumetric/mechanical coupling measured by LACI in routine practice integrates the influence of several morphological/hemodynamic determinants but displays progressive deterioration with increasing FMR severity in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. About outcome, higher LACI is strongly, independently, and incrementally associated with excess mortality, irrespective of FMR grade and in all subsets. Hence, LACI is a novel and critical measure in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, quantifiable in routine practice, which should be integrated in prognostication and decision-making.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overCardiac VolumeEchocardiography, DopplerFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart AtriaHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesStroke Volumeatrial functionfunctional mitral regurgitationheart failureleft atriumprognosissecondary mitral regurgitationventricular dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID33463368
OpenAlexW3123858789

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.