ArticleMetabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2021
Sex and race differences of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in healthy individuals.
Article in Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological distress and metabolomic markers: A systematic review of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and subclinical distress.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Association between gout and the development of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2022Pooled it
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- Diagnosis of Secondary Bacterial Meningitis via Aromatic Metabolites and Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics, lipidomics and serine pathway dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndroome (ME/CFS).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Correlation study between serum uric acid level and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension: based on an explainable predictive model.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations of kynurenic acid with neopterin in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Exploring the aging process of cognitively healthy adults by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Redox State of Human Serum Albumin in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Sex differences in the human metabolome.Biology of sex differences · 2022Review
- Small phenolic and indolic gut-dependent molecules in the primate central nervous system: levels vs. bioactivity.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2022Article
- The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Metabolic drift in the aging nervous system is reflected in human cerebrospinal fluid.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Correction to: Sex and race differences of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in healthy individuals.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAnalyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites in large, healthy samples have been limited and potential demographic moderators of brain metabolism are largely unknown.
objectiveOur objective in this study was to examine sex and race differences in 33 CSF metabolites within a sample of 129 healthy individuals (37 African American women, 29 white women, 38 African American men, and 25 white men).
methodsCSF metabolites were measured with a targeted electrochemistry-based metabolomics platform. Sex and race differences were quantified with both univariate and multivariate analyses. Type I error was controlled for by using a Bonferroni adjustment (0.05/33 = .0015).
resultsMultivariate Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) of the 33 metabolites showed correct classification of sex at an average rate of 80.6% and correct classification of race at an average rate of 88.4%. Univariate analyses revealed that men had significantly higher concentrations of cysteine (p < 0.0001), uric acid (p < 0.0001), and N-acetylserotonin (p = 0.049), while women had significantly higher concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) (p = 0.001). African American participants had significantly higher concentrations of 3-hydroxykynurenine (p = 0.018), while white participants had significantly higher concentrations of kynurenine (p < 0.0001), indoleacetic acid (p < 0.0001), xanthine (p = 0.001), alpha-tocopherol (p = 0.007), cysteine (p = 0.029), melatonin (p = 0.036), and 7-methylxanthine (p = 0.037). After the Bonferroni adjustment, the effects for cysteine, uric acid, and 5-HIAA were still significant from the analysis of sex differences and kynurenine and indoleacetic acid were still significant from the analysis of race differences.
conclusionSeveral of the metabolites assayed in this study have been associated with mental health disorders and neurological diseases. Our data provide some novel information regarding normal variations by sex and race in CSF metabolite levels within the tryptophan, tyrosine and purine pathways, which may help to enhance our understanding of mechanisms underlying sex and race differences and potentially prove useful in the future treatment of disease.
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