ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2021
Racial/ethnic differences in average CA125 and CA15.3 values and its correlates among postmenopausal women in the USA.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carbohydrate antigen 125 and clinical outcomes in heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical factors influencing serum CA125 levels and their implications for diagnosing ovarian tumors.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Modeling Multivariate Distributions of Lipid Panel Biomarkers for Reference Interval Estimation and Comorbidity Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prognostic value of carbohydrate antigen 125 combined with N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with acute heart failure: a prospective cohort study in Vietnam.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Variables Affecting CA15.3 Tumor Antigen Expression and Antibodies against It in Female National Health and Nutritional Survey Participants.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Differences in Serum miRNA Profiles by Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Developing an Equitable Ovarian Cancer Screening Test.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Unsupervised machine learning method for indirect estimation of reference intervals for chronic kidney disease in the Puerto Rican population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAmong healthy postmenopausal women, levels of CA125 and CA15.3 are influenced by demographic and reproductive factors, including race/ethnicity. In this study, we sought to examine the interaction between race/ethnicity and other correlates of these biomarkers and whether the racial differences observed are simply determined by other correlates with racial differences.
methodsIn archived sera from 946 postmenopausal women who participated in the 2001-2002 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we measured CA125 and CA15.3 and examined their associations with health survey and examination data available in this cohort. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the association between CA125 and CA15.3 and race/ethnicity. We then calculated geometric means of these markers by demographic and reproductive factors stratified by race/ethnicity and used likelihood ratio tests to evaluate heterogeneity.
resultsNon-white race was associated with lower CA125, with Non-Hispanic Black women being associated with - 29.0% (95% CI - 42.5%, - 12.2%) difference and Mexican American women being associated with - 6.4% (95% CI - 18.1%, 6.9%) difference on average compared to Non-Hispanic White women. Associations between CA125 and age and parity varied by race/ethnicity. Non-Hispanic Black women were associated with higher CA15.3 compared to Non-Hispanic White women, with 17.3% (95% CI - 0.5%, 38.3%) differences on average. Associations between CA15.3 and age, number of births, and age at natural menopause varied by race/ethnicity.
conclusionsAmong postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Black women were associated with lower CA125 and higher CA15.3 levels compared to Non-Hispanic White women. Our results support that race/ethnicity should be considered when assigning thresholds for these biomarkers being tested for diagnostic or screening purposes.
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