ArticleNature genetics2021
Genetics of 35 blood and urine biomarkers in the UK Biobank.
Article in Nature genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 498 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
498 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 764 citations in OpenAlex.
- Empirically determined baseline masking strategies and other considerations for gene-level burden tests.Nature genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry, trans-generational GWAS meta-analysis of gestational diabetes and glycaemic traits during pregnancy reveals limited evidence of pregnancy-specific genetic effects.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies genetic drivers of bile acid metabolism in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of serum creatine kinase implicates myopathy genes and muscle pathways.EBioMedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of liver function biomarkers uncover pleiotropic variants, systemic disease links and therapeutic targets.Genome medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pan-UK Biobank genome-wide association analyses enhance discovery and resolution of ancestry-enriched effects.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of urinary metabolite GWAS studies identifies novel genome-wide significant loci.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Large-scale multi-omics analyses in Hispanic/Latino populations identify genes for cardiometabolic traits.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Causality between diabetes and membranous nephropathy: Mendelian randomization.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide characterization of 54 urinary metabolites reveals molecular impact of kidney function.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Deciphering the interplay between serum urate and bone mineral density: insights from observational and genetic perspectives.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Article
- Genotype-Informed Characterization of Mild Renal Hypouricemia.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Circulating lipids, lipoproteins, and the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a cohort study and genetic analysis.Journal of lipid research · 2026Article
- Polymorphic Variant Associated with Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Level Is a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- GeneSIS: enhancing transferability of polygenic scores with variant-level gene-by-sex interaction effects.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Univariate-guided sparse regression for Biobank-scale high-dimensional omics data.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Modeling nonlinear and interaction effects of spatiotemporal and nongenetic factors improves prediction for complex traits.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Large-scale GWAS meta-analysis of serum antibody levels in healthy individuals reveals distinct genetic architectures.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Common genetic mechanisms between obesity and COVID-19 severity: unravelling pleiotropic loci and biological pathways.Royal Society open science · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study and predictors of neonatal blood cell traits in Hispanic newborns.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
438 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
24 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical laboratory tests are a critical component of the continuum of care. We evaluate the genetic basis of 35 blood and urine laboratory measurements in the UK Biobank (n = 363,228 individuals). We identify 1,857 loci associated with at least one trait, containing 3,374 fine-mapped associations and additional sets of large-effect (>0.1 s.d.) protein-altering, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and copy number variant (CNV) associations. Through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we discover 51 causal relationships, including previously known agonistic effects of urate on gout and cystatin C on stroke. Finally, we develop polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for each biomarker and build 'multi-PRS' models for diseases using 35 PRSs simultaneously, which improved chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, gout and alcoholic cirrhosis genetic risk stratification in an independent dataset (FinnGen; n = 135,500) relative to single-disease PRSs. Together, our results delineate the genetic basis of biomarkers and their causal influences on diseases and improve genetic risk stratification for common diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.