ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2021
Gut Commensal Segmented Filamentous Bacteria Fine-Tune T Follicular Regulatory Cells to Modify the Severity of Systemic Autoimmune Arthritis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Oral-Gut Microbiota Structure and Its Manipulation on RA Development and Management.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota in Henoch-Schönlein purpura: from pathogenesis to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- The influence of the gut microbiota on B cells in autoimmune diseases.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Bacteria invade the brain following intracortical microelectrode implantation, inducing gut-brain axis disruption and contributing to reduced microelectrode performance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- SFB flagellin mediates cell adhesion, endocytosis and immune regulation in germ-free mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Intestinal Permeability In Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Critical Therapeutic Priority.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2024Review
- Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Bacteria Invade the Brain Following Sterile Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation.Research square · 2024Article
- Impaired immune tolerance mediated by reduced Tfr cells in rheumatoid arthritis linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered metabolites.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- Microbial Components and Effector Molecules in T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function.Immune network · 2023Review
- Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Current Advances in Follicular Regulatory T-Cell Biology.Critical reviews in immunology · 2022Review
- The gut-joint axis in rheumatoid arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2021Review
- Mechanism of Immunoregulatory Properties of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in the K/BxN Mice Model of Autoimmune Arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The development of live biotherapeutics againstGut microbesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autoantibodies play a major pathogenic role in rheumatoid arthritis. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells promote germinal center B cell and Ab responses. Excessive Tfh cell responses lead to autoimmunity, and therefore, counterregulation is crucial. T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells, mainly differentiated from T regulatory cells, can negatively regulate Tfh and germinal center B cells. Dysbiosis is involved in rheumatoid arthritis's pathogenesis. We previously demonstrated that the gut microbiota, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), promote autoimmune arthritis by inducing Tfh cells. However, little is known regarding whether gut microbiota influence systemic (nongut) Tfr cells, impacting gut-distal autoimmunity. In this study, using SFB in autoimmune arthritic K/BxN mice, we demonstrated that SFB-induced arthritis is linked to the reduction of Tfr cells' CTLA-4, the key regulatory molecule of Tfr cells. This SFB-mediated CTLA-4 reduction is associated with increased Tfr glycolytic activity, and glycolytic inhibition increases Tfr cells' CTLA-4 levels and reduces arthritis. The surface expression of CTLA-4 is tied to TCR signaling strength, and we discovered that SFB-reduced CTLA-4 is associated with a reduction of Nur77, an indicator of TCR signaling strength. Nur77 is known for repressing glycolytic activity. Using a loss-of-function study, we demonstrated that Nur77
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.