Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33460786›Full record

ReviewMolecular metabolism2021

Imaging biomarkers of NAFLD, NASH, and fibrosis.

Veeral Ajmera, Rohit Loomba

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06433388 (Perirenal Fats of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Fatty Liver Disease.), which is not on this map. Cited by 125 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
125citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
22.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06433388 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Perirenal Fats of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Fatty Liver Disease.

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorAssiut UniversityRan2024 to 2025Enrolled70ConditionsChronic Kidney Diseases, Fatty LiverArmsMRI
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

125 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. MASLD In Children - A Distinct Phenotype?Current obesity reports · 2026
    Review
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65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Veeral AjmeraNAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: V1ajmera@ucsd.edu.
Rohit LoombaNAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: roloomba@ucsd.edu.
University of California San Diego · US

Funding

UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteUL1TR001442 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIRESTEIN, GARY S, HOGARTH, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2024
$88.3M
Yeast Genetics and Stress Response Genes-BiomedicalP42ES010337 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI TUKEY, ROBERT H · 2000 to 2022
$69.8M
Pediatric Trials in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)U01DK061734 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ROHIT LOOMBA · 2002 to 2026
$24.4M
Tissue-specific roles of FXR in CVD and NASHP01HL147835 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LOOMBA, ROHIT · 2020 to 2024
$12.2M
San Diego Digestive Diseases Research CenterP30DK120515 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Bernd G. Schnabl · 2019 to 2026
$10.8M
HIV MASLD Clinical Research Network (HCRN)R01DK121378 · NIDDK · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI NAGA P CHALASANI, ROHIT LOOMBA · 2020 to 2026
$8.7M
Novel IL-23 inhibitor for the treatment of alcohol associated liver diseaseU01AA029019 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KISSELEVA, TATIANA, LOOMBA, ROHIT · 2020 to 2024
$3.7M
QUS Technology for Diagnosis and Grading of Hepatic Steatosis in NAFLDR01DK106419 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LOOMBA, ROHIT, SIRLIN, CLAUDE B · 2015 to 2019
$3.4M
Non-invasive screening of diabetics for advanced fibrosis due to NAFLDR01DK124318 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LOOMBA, ROHIT · 2020 to 2022
$1.7M
A Novel Multimodal Approach to Characterize NAFLD Severity and PrognosisK23DK119460 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI AJMERA, VEERAL HARESH · 2019 to 2023
$1.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001442NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL147835NIAAA NIH HHS U01 AA029019NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK119460NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK120515NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106419NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK121378NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK124318NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061734NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES010337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathologic entity that requires a liver biopsy assessment to diagnose the progressive form of NAFLD called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver biopsy is invasive, subject to sampling and interobserver variability, and impractical to scale to the affected population of up to 1 billion affected individuals worldwide. Non-invasive imaging biomarkers have emerged as a key modality to address the major unmet need to diagnose, stage, and longitudinally monitor NAFLD. SCOPE OF REVIEW: In this review, we critically examine the use of non-invasive imaging biomarkers to diagnose NAFLD, NASH, and fibrosis stage. MAJOR

conclusionsUltrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers of liver fat can diagnose NAFLD. MRI proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) is better than liver biopsy, particularly for following longitudinal changes in liver fat in clinical trials. Imaging biomarkers to reliably diagnose NASH are under investigation, but when used alone, continue to have only modest diagnostic accuracy. However, the fibrosis stage has the strongest association with liver decompensation and mortality, and elastography has emerged as a reliable biomarker for liver fibrosis. We review the combination of biomarkers to risk stratify patients and identify individuals needing treatment and the implications of longitudinal changes in liver stiffness measurement.

Indexed as

BiopsyDisease ProgressionElasticity Imaging TechniquesHumansLiverLiver CirrhosisMagnetic Resonance ImagingNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseSeverity of Illness IndexMR ElastographyMRIMRI-PDFFNAFLDNASHSignificant fibrosis

Identifiers

PMID33460786
PMCPMC8324681
OpenAlexW3119859060

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.