Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33459819›Full record

ReviewJournal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology2021

Measuring strain in the exoskeleton of spiders-virtues and caveats.

Reinhard Blickhan, Tom Weihmann, Friedrich G Barth

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Single polymer fiber-based ultrasensitive and multifunctional flexible microsensor via arthropod-inspired crack-helix coupling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. A parametric finite element model of leg campaniform sensilla inJournal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Webless spiders reverse bungee jump to catch prey.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The spider cuticle: a remarkable material toolbox for functional diversity.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2021
    Article
  12. Locomotion and kinematics of arachnids.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2021
    Article
  13. Measuring strain in the exoskeleton of spiders-virtues and caveats.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2021
    Review
  14. A spider in motion: facets of sensory guidance.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2021
    Review
  15. Mechanics to pre-process information for the fine tuning of mechanoreceptors.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2019
    Review
  16. Kinematics of malePeerJ · 2019
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Extended spider cognition.Animal cognition · 2017
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Reinhard BlickhanScience of Motion, Friedrich Schiller-University, Seidelstr. 20, 00749, Jena, Germany. reinhard.blickhan@uni-jena.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-5621
Tom WeihmannInstitute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Köln, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-1816
Friedrich G BarthDepartment of Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090, Wien, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9195-435X
Friedrich Schiller University Jena · DEUniversity of Cologne · DEUniversity of Vienna · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The measurement of cuticular strain during locomotion using foil strain gauges provides information both on the loads of the exoskeleton bears and the adaptive value of the specific location of natural strain detectors (slit sense organs). Here, we critically review available literature. In tethered animals, by applying loads to the metatarsus tip, strain and mechanical sensitivity (S = strain/load) induced at various sites in the tibia were determined. The loci of the lyriform organs close to the tibia-metatarsus joint did not stand out by high strain. The strains induced at various sites during free locomotion can be interpreted based on S and, beyond the joint region, on beam theory. Spiders avoided laterad loading of the tibia-metatarsus joint during slow locomotion. Balancing body weight, joint flexors caused compressive strain at the posterior and dorsal tibia. While climbing upside down strain measurements indicate strong flexor activity. In future studies, a precise calculation and quantitative determination of strain at the sites of the lyriform organs will profit from more detailed data on the overall strain distribution, morphology, and material properties. The values and caveats of the strain gauge technology, the only one applicable to freely moving spiders, are discussed.

Indexed as

Stress, MechanicalAnimalsAnimal ShellsBiomechanical PhenomenaExtremitiesLocomotionSpidersVirtuesJoint loadLocomotionMechanical sensitivitySensory strain receptionStrain gauge

Identifiers

PMID33459819
PMCPMC8046692
OpenAlexW3122363515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.