ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2021
A Comparison of Traditional and Serious Game-Based Digital Markers of Cognition in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Controls.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: Recent advances in task-based EEG.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Pooled it
- The Importance of Subjective Cognitive Decline Recognition and the Potential of Molecular and Neurophysiological Biomarkers-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- A novel early screening approach for MCI due to AD based on a "maze" hand-interaction kinetic paradigm.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Digital Health Technologies Applied in Patients With Early Cognitive Change: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Virtual and Augmented Reality Games in Dementia Care: Systematic and Bibliographic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Video Games and Gamification for Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment: Scoping Review.JMIR mental health · 2025Article
- Machine Learning and Digital Biomarkers Can Detect Early Stages of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Methods for Assessing Executive Functioning: Systematic Review.JMIR serious games · 2024Review
- Digital Marker for Early Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment Through Hand and Eye Movement Analysis in Virtual Reality Using Machine Learning: First Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment with Speech Interaction Based on Virtual Reality and Wearable Devices.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- The performance of serious games for enhancing attention in cognitively impaired older adults.NPJ digital medicine · 2023Review
- Influence of Hand Tracking in Immersive Virtual Reality for Memory Assessment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Combining reinforcement learning and virtual reality in mild neurocognitive impairment: a new usability assessment on patients and caregivers.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Alzheimer's disease research progress in the Mediterranean region: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Review
- Usability of the Virtual Supermarket Test for Older Adults with and without Cognitive Impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2022Article
- A Novel Game-Based Intelligent Test for Detecting Elderly Cognitive Function Impairment.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2021Article
- Applications of deep learning methods in digital biomarker research using noninvasive sensing data.Digital healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElectroencephalography (EEG) has been used to assess brain activity while users are playing an immersive serious game.
objectiveTo assess differences in brain activation as measured with a non-intrusive wearable EEG device, differences in game performance and correlations between EEG power, game performance and global cognition, between cognitively impaired and non-impaired older adults, during the administration of a novel self-administered serious game-based test, the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST).
methods43 older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and 33 older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were recruited from day centers for cognitive disorders. Global cognition was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Brain activity was measured with a non-intrusive wearable EEG device in a resting state condition and while they were administered the VST.
resultsDuring resting state condition, the MCI group showed increased alpha, beta, delta, and theta band power compared to the SCD group. During the administration of the VST, the MCI group showed increased beta and theta band power compared to the SCD group. Regarding game performance, alpha, beta, delta, and theta rhythms were positively correlated with average duration, while delta rhythm was positively correlated with mean errors. MoCA correlated with alpha, beta, delta, and theta rhythms and with average game duration and mean game errors indicating that elevated EEG rhythms in MCI may be associated with an overall cognitive decline.
conclusionVST performance can be used as a digital biomarker. Cheap commercially available wearable EEG devices can be used for obtaining brain activity biomarkers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.