ArticleNature cancer2020
c-Rel Is a Myeloid Checkpoint for Cancer Immunotherapy.
Article in Nature cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual Functions of B7-H3-MAPK Signaling Orchestrate Tumor Immunosuppression via Regulating the Plasticity of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells and Fibroblasts.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: biology, regulatory networks and theranostic prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Integrated Genomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals T-B Lymphocyte Signatures in the MYCN Driven "Immune Desert" of Specific Neuroblastoma Subtypes.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- NF-κB-c-Rel in psoriasis: genetic susceptibility, immunopathogenic circuits, and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting innate immunity in cancer: mechanistic foundations, therapeutic vaccination, and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Synergistic Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combined with Neutrophil-Targeted Therapy in Cancer Immunotherapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Monocyte-Macrophage Lineages in Cancer: Biology, Plasticity, and Therapeutic Targeting.Cancer biome and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- c-Rel drives pancreatic cancer metastasis through fibronectin-integrin signaling-induced isolation stress resistance and EMT.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
- HypoxamiRs in pancreatic cancer: master regulators of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Review
- APOE deficiency triggers anti-tumour activity of macrophages in liver cancer.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
- TOPK promotes immune suppression in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and emerges as a prognostic and therapeutic target.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- NF-κB in inflammation and cancer.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Tumor microenvironment remodeling with a telomere-targeting agent and its cooperative antitumor effects with a nanovaccine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint blockade for cancer therapy: current progress and perspectives.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Review
- Article
- Targeting immune checkpoints on myeloid cells: current status and future directions.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- Cancer immunotherapy by silencing transcription factor c-Rel using peptide-based nanoparticles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The resistance to anoikis, mediated by Spp1, and the evasion of immune surveillance facilitate the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Article
- NF-κB subunits RelA and c-Rel selectively control CD4+ T cell function in multiple sclerosis and cancer.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Understanding the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy that targets lymphoid cell checkpoints holds great promise for curing cancer. However, a majority of cancer patients do not respond to this form of therapy. In addition to lymphoid cells, myeloid cells play essential roles in controlling immunity to cancer. Whether myeloid checkpoints exist that can be targeted to treat cancer is not well established. Here we show that c-Rel, a member of the nuclear factor (NF)-B family, specified the generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) by selectively turning on pro-tumoral genes while switching off anti-tumoral genes through a c-Rel enhanceosome. c-Rel deficiency in myeloid cells markedly inhibited cancer growth in mice, and pharmaceutical inhibition of c-Rel had the same effect. Combination therapy that blocked both c-Rel and the lymphoid checkpoint protein PD1 was more effective in treating cancer than blocking either alone. Thus, c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint that can be targeted for treating cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.