ArticlePhysics and imaging in radiation oncology2020
A review of 3D printed patient specific immobilisation devices in radiotherapy.
Article in Physics and imaging in radiation oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bolus Use in Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Design and Preliminary Phantom Study of a 3D-Printed Wrist Immobilization Device for Lateral Radiography.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From local validation to global standardization of three-dimensional printing in radiotherapy.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Modeling and Evaluation of Customizable Immobilization Masks for Precision Radiotherapy.Polymers · 2026Article
- Efficient workflow and clinical validation of in-house 3D-printed vaginal cylinders for high-dose-rate brachytherapy for gynecologic malignancies.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a novel patient-specific 3D-printed head and neck immobilization device for radiotherapy.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Mechanical Properties of Fully Recyclable 3D-Printable Materials Used for Application in Patient-Specific Devices in Radiotherapy.Polymers · 2025Article
- Design and Development of a Device (SifilottoCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Commissioning Tests of Radixact Synchrony Using Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Lung Phantom Inserts.Cureus · 2025Article
- Custom-made 3D-printed X-ray shield for tumor-specific irradiation of xenograft mice.3D printing in medicine · 2025Article
- Handmade Patient-Specific Bolus Combined With Photon Radiation Therapy for Skin Cancer.Case reports in oncological medicine · 2025Article
- Comprehensive clinical implementation, workflow, and FMEA of bespoke silicone bolus cast from 3D printed molds using open-source resources.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
- Development of a novel 3D-printed dynamic anthropomorphic thorax phantom for evaluation of four-dimensional computed tomography.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Additive manufacturing of patient specific bolus for radiotherapy: large scale production and quality assurance.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2024Article
- A quick guide on implementing and quality assuring 3D printing in radiation oncology.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2023Review
- A total inverse planning paradigm: Prospective clinical trial evaluating the performance of a novel MR-based 3D-printed head immobilization device.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2023Article
- Clinical experience in the use of 3D printing as a rapid replacement of traditional radiation therapy immobilization materials.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2023Article
- Study on the application of 3D printing head film fixation technology in cranial radiotherapy.Journal of Cancer · 2023Article
- Evaluation of novel 3D-printed and conventional thermoplastic stereotactic high-precision patient fixation masks for radiotherapy.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2022Article
- Novel multi jet fusion 3D-printed patient immobilization for radiation therapy.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeRadiotherapy is one of the most effective cancer treatment techniques, however, delivering the optimal radiation dosage is challenging due to movements of the patient during treatment. Immobilisation devices are typically used to minimise motion. This paper reviews published research investigating the use of 3D printing (additive manufacturing) to produce patient-specific immobilisation devices, and compares these to traditional devices. MATERIALS AND
methodsA systematic review was conducted across thirty-eight databases, with results limited to those published between January 2000 and January 2019. A total of eighteen papers suitably detailed the use of 3D printing to manufacture and test immobilisers, and were included in this review. This included ten journal papers, five posters, two conference papers and one thesis.
results61% of relevant studies featured human subjects, 22% focussed on animal subjects, 11% used phantoms, and one study utilised experimental test methods. Advantages of 3D printed immobilisers reported in literature included improved patient experience and comfort over traditional methods, as well as high levels of accuracy between immobiliser and patient, repeatable setup, and similar beam attenuation properties to thermoformed immobilisers. Disadvantages included the slow 3D printing process and the potential for inaccuracies in the digitisation of patient geometry.
conclusionIt was found that a lack of technical knowledge, combined with disparate studies with small patient samples, required further research in order to validate claims supporting the benefits of 3D printing to improve patient comfort or treatment accuracy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.