ArticleEducational and psychological measurement2021
Testing Measurement Invariance Across Unobserved Groups: The Role of Covariates in Factor Mixture Modeling.
Article in Educational and psychological measurement, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Covariate inclusion in factor mixture modeling: Evaluating one-step and three-step approaches under model misspecification and overfitting.Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- DIF Detection With Zero-Inflation Under the Factor Mixture Modeling Framework.Educational and psychological measurement · 2022Article
- Robustness of Latent Profile Analysis to Measurement Noninvariance Between Profiles.Educational and psychological measurement · 2022Article
- Combined Approach to Multi-Informant Data Using Latent Factors and Latent Classes: Trifactor Mixture Model.Educational and psychological measurement · 2021Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Factor mixture modeling (FMM) has been increasingly used to investigate unobserved population heterogeneity. This study examined the issue of covariate effects with FMM in the context of measurement invariance testing. Specifically, the impact of excluding and misspecifying covariate effects on measurement invariance testing and class enumeration was investigated via Monte Carlo simulations. Data were generated based on FMM models with (1) a zero covariate effect, (2) a covariate effect on the latent class variable, and (3) covariate effects on both the latent class variable and the factor. For each population model, different analysis models that excluded or misspecified covariate effects were fitted. Results highlighted the importance of including proper covariates in measurement invariance testing and evidenced the utility of a model comparison approach in searching for the correct specification of covariate effects and the level of measurement invariance. This approach was demonstrated using an empirical data set. Implications for methodological and applied research are discussed.
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