SynthesisImmunologic research2021
Trained innate immunity.
Synthesis in Immunologic research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Electrochemotherapy of Melanoma Cutaneous Metastases in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- β-Glucan training induces stimulus-dependent immune and metabolic modulation in head kidney leukocytes that persists for several days in Atlantic salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Dynamic immune dysregulation in severe mental illness: Exaggerated innate and attenuated adaptive immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Beyond Adaptive Immunity: Trained Innate Immune Responses as a Novel Frontier in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Potential role of liver-resident CD3JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- Interactions Between the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Sustainability, intelligence, and more immunology: time to get back to the future!Immunologic research · 2024Article
- Trained Innate Immunity in Animal Models of Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Disentangling specific and unspecific components of innate immune memory in a copepod-tapeworm system.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- [Bone/cartilage immunomodulating hydrogels: construction strategies and applications].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2023Review
- Rethinking next-generation vaccines for coronaviruses, influenzaviruses, and other respiratory viruses.Cell host & microbe · 2023Review
- When herpes simplex virus encephalitis meets antiviral innate immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Prophylactic and therapeutic insights into trained immunity: A renewed concept of innate immune memory.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Autoinflammatory Diseases and Cytokine Storms-Imbalances of Innate and Adaptative Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Hematological consequences of malaria in mice previously treated for visceral leishmaniasis.Wellcome open research · 2021Article
- The Biological Behavior and Clinical Application Prospects of Deoxythymidine Kinase Gene in Tumors.Technology in cancer research & treatmentReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The innate immune system acts rapidly in an identical and nonspecific way every time the body is exposed to pathogens. As such, it cannot build and maintain immunological memory to help prevent reinfection. Researchers contend that trained immunity is influenced by intracellular metabolic pathways and epigenetic remodeling. The purpose of this review was to explore the topic of trained innate immunity based on the results of relevant previous studies. This systematic review entailed identifying articles related to trained innate immunity. The sources were obtained from PubMed using different search terms that included "trained innate immunity," "trained immunity," "trained," "innate," "immunity," and "immune system." Boolean operators were used to combine terms and phrases. A review of previous study results revealed that little is currently known about the molecular and cellular processes that mediate or induce a trained immune response in animals. However, it is believed that alterations in the phenotypes of cell populations and the numbers of specific cells may play a critical role in mediating the trained immune response. Increasing evidence shows that the protective processes and actions that occur during a secondary infection are not entirely linked to the adaptive immune system. Instead, these events also involve heightened activation of innate immune cells. While trained innate immune cells may have a shorter memory, they assist in the fight against pathogens and provide cross-protection. Identification of the mechanisms and molecules that underlie trained innate immunity has highlighted important features of the human immune response. Such advances continue to open doors for future research on how the body responds to disease-causing pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33454874What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.