ArticleHealth policy and planning2021
Modern contraceptive availability and stockouts: a multi-country analysis of trends in supply and consumption.
Article in Health policy and planning, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modern contraceptive discontinuation and demand-and-supply-side method-mix in urban settings in Eastern Uganda: a mixed methods study.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Factors That Contribute to Contraceptive Stockout Rates in Nigerian Health Facilities.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- What factors are associated with contraceptive method choice during social marketing campaigns in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo? A mixed-methods cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Free but declining: the paradox of contraceptive uptake in Burkina Faso.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic, Glycaemic, and Metabolic Safety of Hormonal Contraceptives in Women with Medical Conditions: A Systematic Review.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Patient Counseling Strategies at Female Genital Fistula Repair: A Qualitative Study among Ugandan Fistula Care Providers.Research square · 2025Article
- Lessons from the scale-up of provider-administered and self-injection of DMPA-SC in Nigeria: a landscape assessment.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Barriers to modern contraceptive use by female workers in Indonesia's urban areas.Korean journal of family medicine · 2025Article
- Structural quality of health facilities to provide family planning services in Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2021-22 Ethiopia Service Provision Assessment survey.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Strengthening Kenya's public health response to reproductive coercion and intimate partner violence in family planning clinics: applying the FRAME + IS approach.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- Ensuring People Living with HIV Inform the Future of HIV Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for a Community-Led Research Agenda.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Trends in and Correlates of Short-Acting Contraceptive Stock-Outs: Multicountry Analysis of Performance Monitoring for Action Agile Platform Data.Global health, science and practice · 2024Article
- Lessons learnt from daily oral PrEP delivery to inform national planning for PrEP ring introduction for women in low-income and middle-income countries: a qualitative inquiry of international stakeholders.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Family planning service disruptions in the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from health facilities in seven low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- The impact of local supply of popular contraceptives on women's use of family planning: findings from performance-monitoring-for-action in seven sub-Saharan African countries.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- Contracting retail pharmacies as a source of essential medicines for public sector clients in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of key considerations, challenges, and opportunities.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Contraceptive stockouts in Western Kenya: a mixed-methods mystery client study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Choice of a family planning outlet in urban areas: The role of distance and quality of services in Kenya and Uganda.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Article
- Availability of emergency contraception in large Brazilian municipalities: a guaranteed right?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- DMPA-SC stock: Cross-site trends by facility type.Contraception: X · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Approximately 214 million women of reproductive age lack adequate access to contraception for their family planning needs, yet patterns of contraceptive availability have seldom been examined. With growing demand for contraceptives in some areas, low contraceptive method availability and stockouts are thought to be major drivers of unmet need among women of reproductive age, though evidence for this is limited. In this research, we examined trends in stockouts, method availability and consumption of specific contraceptive methods in urban areas of four sub-Saharan African countries (Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Nigeria) and India. We used representative survey data from the Performance Monitoring for Action Agile Project that were collected in quarterly intervals at service delivery points (SDP) stratified by sector (public vs private), with all countries having five to six quarters of surveys between 2017 and 2019. Among SDPs that offer family planning, we calculated the percentage offering at least one type of modern contraceptive method (MCM) for each country and quarter, and by sector. We examined trends in the percentage of SDPs with stockouts and which currently offer condoms, emergency contraception, oral pills, injectables, intrauterine devices and implants. We also examined trends of client visits for specific methods and the resulting estimated protection from pregnancy by quarter and country. Across all countries, the vast majority of SDPs had at least one type of MCM in-stock during the study period. We find that the frequency of stockouts varies by method and sector and is much more dynamic than previously thought. While the availability and distribution of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) were limited compared to other methods across countries, LARCs nonetheless consistently accounted for a larger portion of couple years of protection. We discuss findings that show the importance of engaging the private sector towards achieving global and national family planning goals.
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