ReviewLife sciences2021
Monocytes and macrophages in COVID-19: Friends and foes.
Review in Life sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin-1 blockade in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Monocytes in pneumonia: Functional plasticity and innate memory (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The Combination of Nirmatrelvir and Ivermectin Exerts Strongly Synergistic Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Against Murine Coronavirus Infection of Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immune cell interactions and lung damage in SARS-CoV-2 special attention on monocytes/macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, dendritic cells and Toll-like receptors in SARS-CoV-2.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- The dynamic interplay of M1/M2-like macrophages and adenosine deaminase activity modulates COVID-19 severity.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Novel insights into diagnosis and management of hyperreactivity: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Article
- Macrophages: sentinels, warriors, and healers.Human molecular genetics · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Kidney Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Peritoneal Dialysis as the Preferred Modality.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Long COVID syndrome: exploring therapies for managing and overcoming persistent symptoms.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Human protein interaction networks of ancestral and variant SARS-CoV-2 in organ-specific cells and bodily fluids.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Monitoring Macrophage Polarization in Infectious Disease, Lesson From SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- Clinical features and survival analysis of adult patients with severe lower respiratory tract infection positive for respiratory syncytial virus.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- A Fraction ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic profiles of monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to SARS-CoV-2 VOCs reveal immune-evasion escape driven by delta.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Insights on the Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Melanogenic Effects of 2'-Hydroxy-2,6'-dimethoxychalcone in RAW 264.7 and B16F10 Cells.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is known as a pandemic emergency that has led to a high rate of mortality throughout the world. Evidence has indicated that hyperinflammatory responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 are the main cause of pathogenicity in the severe cases of patients who have died during the current viral disease. Monocytes and macrophages as the most important cells of the innate arm of the immune system play a substantial part in the body's defense against viral infections. They mainly respond to the microbial antigens by producing inflammatory mediators to remove pathogens and repair tissue injury. Nevertheless, aberrant alterations in their function such as cytokine storm can be so harmful to the host in the acute respiratory distress syndrome cases caused by SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, inflammatory responses stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 have affected the other vital organs of the body including the heart. As cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients have been reported in several studies. During the infection, monocytes and macrophages may be involved in the hypersensitive and exacerbated reactions that contribute to the tissue damage, especially lung injury resulted in its dysfunction and respiratory disorder. In this review, we discuss both advantageous and disadvantageous about the pathological potential of monocytes and macrophages during the infection of SARS-CoV-2 to clarify their mutual effects on immune processing as a fist line defender in the current disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.