ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
Cyclophosphamide treatment in active multiple sclerosis.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Sclerosis in Women: Impact of Different Life Stages on Treatment Decisions.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy for autoimmune encephalitis.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of the Association between Dental Abnormalities and Chemotherapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A pharmacological toolkit for human microglia identifies Topoisomerase I inhibitors as immunomodulators for Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Disease Modifying Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis: New Rays of Hope to Combat Disability?Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Multiple Sclerosis-A Demyelinating Disorder and Its Dental Considerations-A Literature Review with Own Case Report.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- American ginseng with different processing methods ameliorate immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide in mice via the MAPK signaling pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation versus low-dose immunosuppression in secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Cannabinoid and endocannabinoid system: a promising therapeutic intervention for multiple sclerosis.Molecular biology reports · 2022Review
- Effects of compound small peptides of Chinese medicine on intestinal immunity and cecal intestinal flora in CTX immunosuppressed mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCyclophosphamide (CYC) is an alkylating agent with immunosuppressive effect by inhibiting DNA synthesis and producing apoptosis used in many autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we analyze the efficacy of CYC treatment in relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and active secondary progressive MS (SPMS) in our center with a monthly scheme.
methodsPatients with MS treated with CYC and a follow up of at least 36 months were eligible for inclusion. All participants had received a standard CYC regimen. The EDSS score mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) and progression index (PI) were measured as efficacy outcomes at 12, 24, and 36 months. Outcomes were also analyzed comparing disease course and activity.
resultsA total of 16 patients were included (50% male, 18.75% RRMS and 81.25% SPMS). EDSS remained stable along the follow-up period, with 62.5% improving or maintaining the same EDSS score at 12 months. PI decreased 14% and 21% at 12 and 24-36 months of follow-up, respectively. ARR decreased 20% after 12 months, 19% after 24 months, and 30.23% after 36 months. Median differences in ARR were higher in patients with high relapse activity (0.60 vs 0.07, p = 0.001) and malignant course (0.60 vs 0.17, p = 0.027). PI also differed with higher mean differences in patients with high relapse activity (0.70 vs 0.03, p = 0.016) and malignant course (1.17 vs 0.03, p = 0.003).
conclusionsCYC continues to be a valid therapeutic option, especially in regions with limited access to high-efficiency therapies particularly in patients with high relapsing activity and malignant course.
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