ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2022
Patients presenting with metastases: stage IV uveal melanoma, an international study.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of Uveal Melanoma: Updated Cancer Care Alberta Clinical Practice Guideline.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Guideline
- Tebentafusp (IMCgp100), a first in class immune-mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptors against cancer (ImmTAC) for HLA-A*02:01 positive uveal melanoma: Product review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Hepatic metastasis surveillance in uveal melanoma: a retrospective cohort study from a UK tertiary centre (2006-2022).British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Extraocular Extension in Melanoma at an Ocular Oncology Unit in Buenos Aires.Ocular oncology and pathology · 2026Article
- Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Early or Late Uveal Melanoma Metastasis: A Review.Ocular oncology and pathology · 2026Review
- Sorafenib plus selective internal radiotherapy withBritish journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Custom bipolar electrode for bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy in patient-derived uveal melanomaFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Endoresection in Choroidal Melanoma: Outcomes of Intentional Incomplete Tumor Removal.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Observational
- Characterization of Early Metastatic Subpopulations in Uveal Melanoma: Single-Cell Insights Into SPP1+ Cells and Their Interactions With Macrophages.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Identification of two distinct uveal melanoma subtypes based on the immune cell infiltration of the primary tumour.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Progressive Vision Loss From Uveal Melanoma with Extraocular Extension: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Precision prognostic model for uveal melanoma: nomogram prediction and comparison with AJCC system.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Tolerability of Tebentafusp in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: A Real-life Retrospective Multicentre Study.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2024Article
- Frequency of HLA-A*02:01 in the Brazilian population and its impact on uveal melanoma systemic treatment.The oncologist · 2024Article
- Association Between Uveal Melanoma and Allostatic Load.Anticancer research · 2024Article
- Article
- Pathological and Molecular Diagnosis of Uveal Melanoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Future of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Uveal Melanoma: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Review
- Obesity paradox in uveal melanoma: high body mass index is associated with low metastatic risk.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Chemoembolization Beyond Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Tumors Can We Treat and When?Seminars in interventional radiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 11 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo analyse ocular and systemic findings of patients presenting with systemic metastasis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: It is an international, multicentre, internet-enabled, registry-based retrospective data analysis. Patients were diagnosed between 2001 and 2011. Data included: primary tumour dimensions, extrascleral extension, ciliary body involvement, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)-tumour, node, metastasis staging, characteristics of metastases.
resultsOf 3610 patients with uveal melanoma, 69 (1.9%; 95% CI 1.5 to 2.4) presented with clinical metastasis (stage IV). These melanomas originated in the iris, ciliary body and choroid in 4%, 16% and 80% of eyes, respectively. Using eighth edition AJCC, 8 (11%), 20 (29%), 24 (35%), and 17 (25%) belonged to AJCC T-categories T1-T4. Risk of synchronous metastases increased from 0.7% (T1) to 1.5% (T2), 2.6% (T3) and 7.9% (T4). Regional lymph node metastases (N1a) were detected in 9 (13%) patients of whom 6 (67%) had extrascleral extension. Stage of systemic metastases (known for 40 (59%) stage IV patients) revealed 14 (35%), 25 (63%) and 1 (2%) had small (M1a), medium-sized (M1b) and large-sized (M1c) metastases, respectively. Location of metastases in stage IV patients were liver (91%), lung (16%), bone (9%), brain (6%), subcutaneous tissue (4%) and others (5%). Multiple sites of metastases were noted in 24%. Compared with the 98.1% of patients who did not present with metastases, those with synchronous metastases had larger intraocular tumours, more frequent extrascleral extension, ciliary body involvement and thus a higher AJCC T-category.
conclusionsThough higher AJCC T-stage was associated with risk for metastases at diagnosis, even small T1 tumours were stage IV at initial presentation. The liver was the most common site of metastases; however, frequent multiorgan involvement supports initial whole-body staging.
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