ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2021
Intraperitoneal insulin administration in pigs: effect on circulating insulin and glucose levels.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Continuous Intraperitoneal Insulin Infusion for People With Type 1 Diabetes: A Literature Review and International Position Statement.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Nano-Amounts of Glucagon Premixed With Fast-Acting Insulin Lispro: Effect on Insulin Absorption in Pigs.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2025Article
- The artificial pancreas: two alternative approaches to achieve a fully closed-loop system with optimal glucose control.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Intraperitoneal Insulin Delivery: Evidence of a Physiological Route for Artificial Pancreas From Compartmental Modeling.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneally Delivered Glucagon in Pigs: A Hypothesis of First Pass Metabolism.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe effect of intraperitoneal insulin infusion has limited evidence in the literature. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different intraperitoneal insulin boluses. There is a lack of studies comparing the insulin appearance in the systemic circulation after intraperitoneal compared with subcutaneous insulin delivery. Thus, we also aimed for a comparison with the subcutaneous route. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsEight anesthetized, non-diabetic pigs were given three different intraperitoneal insulin boluses (2, 5 and 10 U). The order of boluses for the last six pigs was randomized. Endogenous insulin and glucagon release were suppressed by repeated somatostatin analog injections. The first pig was used to identify the infusion rate of glucose to maintain stable glucose values throughout the experiment. The estimated difference between insulin boluses was compared using two-way analysis of variance (GraphPad Prism V.8).In addition, a trial of three pigs which received subcutaneous insulin boluses was included for comparison with intraperitoneal insulin boluses.
resultsDecreased mean blood glucose levels were observed after 5 and 10 U intraperitoneal insulin boluses compared with the 2 U boluses. No changes in circulating insulin levels were observed after the 2 and 5 U intraperitoneal boluses, while increased circulating insulin levels were observed after the 10 U intraperitoneal boluses. Subcutaneously injected insulin resulted in higher values of circulating insulin compared with the corresponding intraperitoneal boluses.
conclusionsSmaller intraperitoneal boluses of insulin have an effect on circulating glucose levels without increasing insulin levels in the systemic circulation. By increasing the insulin bolus, a major increase in circulating insulin was observed, with a minor additive effect on circulating glucose levels. This is compatible with a close to 100% first-pass effect in the liver after smaller intraperitoneal boluses. Subcutaneous insulin boluses markedly increased circulating insulin levels.
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