ArticleBiology of sex differences2021
Sex differences in stroke outcome correspond to rapid and severe changes in gut permeability in adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbes in cerebrovascular diseases: Gut flora imbalance, potential impact mechanisms and promising treatment strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota and Ischemic Stroke: From Pre-Stroke Dysbiosis and Acute-Phase Changes to Therapeutic Applications.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Polydatin Inhibits Neuroinflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Suppressing the CXCL3/CXCR2 Axis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Effect of encephalomyosynangiosis procedure on post stroke recovery in a permanent model of ischemic stroke.Experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the effects of shift work-like schedules on gut microbiome and intestinal barrier in relation to stroke survival.PloS one · 2026Article
- Melatonin Improves Intestinal Barrier Impairment in a Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Biology · 2025Article
- Rhubarb with Different Cooking Methods Restored the Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and SCFAs in Ischemic Stroke Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Post-stroke butyrate treatment shows sex-dependent microglial responses but does not improve outcomes in a mouse model of endothelin-1 sensory motor stroke.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.Science advances · 2025Review
- Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Dysbiosis in Ischemic Stroke: Opportunities for Therapeutic Intervention.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata polysaccharides enhance gut health and mitigate ischemic stroke by regulating SCFA and amino acid metabolism in gut microbiota.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Peripheral, but not central, IGF-1 treatment attenuates stroke-induced cognitive impairment in middle-aged female Sprague Dawley rats: The gut as a therapeutic target.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Dim light at night shifts microglia to a pro-inflammatory state after cerebral ischemia, altering stroke outcome in mice.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) elicits neuroprotective effects following experimental ischemic stroke.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- The paradox of tPA in ischemic stroke: tPA knockdown following recanalization improves functional and histological outcomes.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Stroke and the Microbiome.Stroke · 2024Article
- Neuroprotection Afforded by an Enriched Mediterranean-like Diet Is Modified by Exercise in a Rat Male Model of Cerebral Ischemia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Role of Gut and Oral Microbiota in the Formation and Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiota in Ischemic Stroke: Role of Gut Bacteria-Derived Metabolites.Translational stroke research · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSex differences in experimental stroke outcomes are well documented, such that adult males have a greater infarct volume, increased stroke-induced mortality, and more severe sensory-motor impairment. Based on recent evidence that the gut is an early responder to stroke, the present study tested the hypothesis that sex differences in stroke severity will be accompanied by rapid and greater permeability of the gut-blood barrier and gut dysbiosis in males as compared to females.
methodMale and female Sprague-Dawley rats (5-7 months of age) were subject to endothelin (ET)-1-induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Sensory-motor tests were conducted pre- and 2 days after MCAo. Gut permeability was assessed in serum samples using biomarkers of gut permeability as well as functional assays using size-graded dextrans. Histological analysis of the gut was performed with H&E staining, periodic acid-Schiff for mucus, and immunohistochemistry for the tight junction protein, ZO-1. Fecal samples obtained pre- and post-stroke were analyzed for bacterial taxa and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
resultsAfter stroke, males displayed greater mortality, worse sensory-motor deficit, and higher serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-17A, MCP-1, and IL-5 as compared to females. MCAo-induced gut permeability was rapid and severe in males as indicated by dextran extravasation from the gut to the blood in the hyperacute (< 2 h) and early acute (2 days) phase of stroke. This was accompanied by dysmorphology of the gut villi and dysregulation of the tight junction protein ZO-1 in the acute phase. Fecal 16s sequencing showed no differences in bacterial diversity in the acute phase of stroke. Predictive modeling indicated that markers of gut permeability were associated with acute sensory-motor impairment and infarct volume.
conclusionsThese data show that extensive leakiness of the gut barrier is associated with severe post-stroke disability and suggest that reinforcing this barrier may improve stroke outcomes.
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Registered trials
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