ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Energy-Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol for IoT Communication Systems in 5G and Beyond.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- EECH HEED an adaptive hybrid clustering protocol for energy efficient soil monitoring in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Developing a Novel Adaptive Double Deep Q-Learning-Based Routing Strategy for IoT-Based Wireless Sensor Network with Federated Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Multi-factor optimized mobile sink data collection framework for hybrid WSN-LTE assisted IoT network.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Data transmission reduction formalization for cloud offloading-based IoT systems.Journal of cloud computing (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Fault Tolerance Structures in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs): Survey, Classification, and Future Directions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Network Lifetime Improvement through Energy-Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol for IoT Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Highly Efficient Spatial-Temporal Correlation Basis for 5G IoT Networks.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Performance Enhancement for Full-Duplex Relaying with Time-Switching-Based SWIPT in Wireless Sensors Networks.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Low-Power Wireless Sensor Network Using Fine-Grain Control of Sensor Module Power Mode.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
One of the major concerns in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is most of the sensor nodes are powered through limited lifetime of energy-constrained batteries, which majorly affects the performance, quality, and lifetime of the network. Therefore, diverse clustering methods are proposed to improve energy efficiency of the WSNs. In the meantime, fifth-generation (5G) communications require that several Internet of Things (IoT) applications need to adopt the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems to provide an improved capacity over multi-path channel environment. In this paper, we study a clustering technique for MIMO-based IoT communication systems to achieve energy efficiency. In particular, a novel MIMO-based energy-efficient unequal hybrid clustering (MIMO-HC) protocol is proposed for applications on the IoT in the 5G environment and beyond. Experimental analysis is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the suggested MIMO-HC protocol and compared with existing state-of-the-art research. The proposed MIMO-HC scheme achieves less energy consumption and better network lifetime compared to existing techniques. Specifically, the proposed MIMO-HC improves the network lifetime by approximately 3× as long as the first node and the final node dies as compared with the existing protocol. Moreover, the energy that cluster heads consume on the proposed MIMO-HC is 40% less than that expended in the existing protocol.
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