ArticleCell stem cell2021
ApoE-Isoform-Dependent SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism and Cellular Response.
Article in Cell stem cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 152 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 223 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the Cerebral Organoid Landscape: A Systematic Review of Preclinical 3D Models in Neuroscience.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Pooled it
- Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID-19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Pooled it
- ApoE4 associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes via downregulation of ACE2 and imbalanced RAS pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Pooled it
- PUS7 pseudouridylation of 7SK orchestrates human somatic cell reprogramming into iPS cells.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Brain corticogenesis promotes SARS-CoV-2 neuro-glial tropism through lipid-dependent viral replication.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Reprogramming lipid metabolism in virus-infected neuronal cells.Research square · 2026Article
- Promotion of hepatitis B virus infection by extracellular apolipoprotein E.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Advances and applications of brain organoids in central nervous system disorders: Bridging the gap from laboratory to clinic.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Viral modulation of synaptic pruning: implications for neuropathology and brain function.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Modest Neurodevelopment Impacts of <italic>APOE4</italic> in a Human Brain Organoid Model of Low-Grade SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells rescue motor function and brain pathology in symptomatic Canavan disease mice.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- A common 19 bp APOE enhancer deletion is protective against Alzheimer's disease in African Americans.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Disease-associated RNA and protein signatures in iPSC-derived microglia model of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- COVID-19-associated neurological and psychological manifestations.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection in hiPSC-derived neurons is cathepsin-dependent and causes differential accumulation of HIF1ɑ and phosphorylated tau.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Organoids in respiratory virus research: advances and perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Influences Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Components in Astrocytes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A survey of SARS-CoV-2 tropism.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- Targeting glioblastoma using oncolytic viruses delivered by human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Differential tropisms of old and new world hantaviruses influence virulence and developing host-directed antiviral candidates.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
ApoE4, a strong genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease, has been associated with increased risk for severe COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether ApoE4 alters COVID-19 susceptibility or severity, and the role of direct viral infection in brain cells remains obscure. We tested the neurotropism of SARS-CoV2 in human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models and observed low-grade infection of neurons and astrocytes that is boosted in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures and organoids. We then generated isogenic ApoE3/3 and ApoE4/4 hiPSCs and found an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ApoE4/4 neurons and astrocytes. ApoE4 astrocytes exhibited enlarged size and elevated nuclear fragmentation upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we show that remdesivir treatment inhibits SARS-CoV2 infection of hiPSC neurons and astrocytes. These findings suggest that ApoE4 may play a causal role in COVID-19 severity. Understanding how risk factors impact COVID-19 susceptibility and severity will help us understand the potential long-term effects in different patient populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.