Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33449281›Full record

ArticleAnnals of dyslexia2021

Literacy-supporting skills in college students with specific reading comprehension deficit and developmental language disorder.

F Sayako Earle, Stephanie N Del Tufo

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of dyslexia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Memory Consolidation in Adults With and Without Developmental Language Disorder and Dyslexia.International journal for research in learning disabilities · 2026
    Article
  5. Structural Brain Correlates of Poor Reading Comprehension.Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Overnight consolidation of speech sounds predicts decoding ability in skilled adult readers.Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

F Sayako EarleCommunication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19713, USA. fsearle@udel.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6869-2504
Stephanie N Del TufoSchool of Education, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2463-1785
University of Delaware · US

Funding

The Role of Frontal and Temporal Brain Areas in the Perception of Phonetic Category StructureR01DC013064 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · PI MYERS, EMILY B · 2014 to 2025
$4.3M
Perceptual Learning and Memory Consolidation in Adults with and without Language ImpairmentR21DC016391 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI EARLE, FRANCES SAYAKO · 2018 to 2021
$504k
Phonetic learning in adults with and without language impairmentF31DC014194 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · PI EARLE, FRANCES SAYAKO · 2015 to 2016
$45k
NIDCD NIH HHS F31 DC014194NIDCD NIH HHS F31DC014194NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC013064NIDCD NIH HHS R21 DC016391NIDCD NIH HHS R21DC016391
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Specific reading comprehension deficit (S-RCD) and developmental language disorder (DLD) are both commonly occurring developmental disorders of language. The ways in which these disorders do and do not overlap during childhood are a matter of debate (Nation & Norbury, 2005). Moreover, in both populations, the challenges faced by individuals in adulthood are understudied. Here, we combined data across cohorts of college students, and classified individuals with only S-RCD (n = 20), only DLD (n = 55), and co-occurring S-RCD and DLD (n = 13). Individuals with good language and reading skills, who matched those with S-RCD on decoding, comprised our typical language and reading group (TD; n = 20). Beyond the measures used for classification, group-level differences were identified in sentence-level reading fluency, phonological processing, verbal working memory, and rapid automatized naming. We found that skill profiles differed across groups; however, we found no evidence of weaknesses beyond the core deficit in reading comprehension observed in those with only S-RCD. In contrast, when S-RCD co-occurs with DLD, weaknesses are observed in phonological processing, as well as reading fluency and verbal working memory. These findings suggest that some adults with S-RCD have co-occurring DLD as a core weakness. These findings, as well as differences between individuals with S-RCD and DLD, are further discussed.

Indexed as

ReadingAdolescentAdultComprehensionDyslexiaFemaleHumansLanguage Development DisordersLiteracyMaleMemory, Short-TermStudentsUniversitiesYoung AdultComprehensionDevelopmental language disorderLiteracySpecific reading comprehension deficit

Identifiers

PMID33449281
PMCPMC10767755
OpenAlexW3118684321

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.