ArticlePharmaceutical research2021
Evaluation of Intranasal Vaccine Delivery Using Anatomical Replicas of Infant Nasal Airways.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regional Nasal Drug Deposition in Pediatric vs. Adult Models: In vitro Insights into User Technique and Breathing Patterns Sensitivity.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Experimentally Informed Numerical Simulations of Spray Deposition and Runoff Doses in a 10-Day-Old Nose Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Engineering a medical device for intranasal immunisation: ensuring targeted delivery and formulation stability.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2026Article
- Scale-up of a low-temperature spray-drying process for a tuberculosis vaccine candidate using lab-scale equipment.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Repurposing mucosal delivery devices for live attenuated tuberculosis vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Intranasal delivery of a synthetic Entamoeba histolytica vaccine containing adjuvant (LecA + GLA-3 M-052 liposomes): In vitro characterization.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- The Communication between Ocular Surface and Nasal Epithelia in 3D Cell Culture Technology for Translational Research: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- In Vitro Evaluation of Nasal Aerosol Depositions: An Insight for Direct Nose to Brain Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeNasal delivery is a favorable route for vaccination against most respiratory infections, as antigen deposited in the nasal turbinate and Waldeyer's ring areas induce mucosal and systemic immune responses. However, little is known about the nasal distribution of the vaccines, specifically for infants.
methodsAnatomical nasal replicas of five subjects, 3-24 months, were developed to assess local intranasal vaccine delivery using MAD Nasal™ device, and understand impact of breathing conditions and administration parameters. High performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the deposition pattern and determine the delivery efficiency.
resultsThe delivery efficiency on average for all models was found to be 86.57±14.23%. There were no significant differences in the total delivery efficiency between the models in all cases. However, the regional deposition pattern was altered based on the model and subsequent administration. Furthermore, removing the foam tip from the MAD Nasal™ device, to study the impact of insertion length, did not significantly increase the efficiency within the two models tested, 5- and 16-month.
conclusionIncorporating nasal replicas in testing provided a benchmark to determine the efficiency of a common intranasal vaccine delivery combination product. This proposed platform would allow comparing other potential nasal vaccine delivery devices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.