ArticleHeadache2020
The Effect of Psychiatric Comorbidities on Headache-Related Disability in Migraine: Results From the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study.
Article in Headache, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness and safety of pharmacological prophylaxis for chronic migraine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Global trends in migraine and anxiety over the past 10 years: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Personality in Chronic Headache: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2023Pooled it
- Targeting individual pain catastrophizing to reduce migraine-related disability: a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial using an online CBT intervention.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Fremanezumab for the Treatment of Patients With Migraine and Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder: The UNITE Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA neurology · 2025Trial
- Real-world effectiveness after initiating fremanezumab treatment in US patients with episodic and chronic migraine or difficult-to-treat migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Trial
- Trial
- [Migraine patients treated with CGRP(R) antibodies : Are they different from patients treated with nonspecific oral prophylaxis? Analysis from the DMKG headache registry].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Post Hoc Analysis of Time to First and Sustained Improvement in Weekly Migraine Days Among Patients Receiving Preventive Treatment With Rimegepant 75 mg.Pain and therapy · 2026Article
- Associations Between Type D Personality, Psychological Symptoms, Pain Severity, and Migraine-Related Outcomes in Women with Migraine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring the Dynamic Relationship Between Migraine and Functional Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Cognitive Dysfunction in Migraine: Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Unveiling state-specific neural dynamics in migraine with and without depressive symptom: a hidden Markov model and interpretable machine learning approach.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Impact of migraine on quality of life and disability: a matched cross-sectional comparative study in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of eptinezumab in chronic migraine-increase in good days in three subgroups: psychiatric comorbidities, prior subcutaneous anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide therapy, and migraine-associated brain fog.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Prevalence of migraine among adults with mood disorders: a Saudi cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- OnabotulinumtoxinA to Prevent Chronic Migraine with Comorbid Bruxism: Real-World Data from the GRASP Study Group.Toxins · 2025Article
- The Validation of the Persian Version of the ID-Migraine Questionnaire.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the influences of depression and anxiety on headache-related disability in people with episodic migraine or chronic migraine.
backgroundDepression and anxiety are common comorbidities in people with migraine, especially among those with chronic migraine.
methodsThis cross-sectional analysis of data from the longitudinal, internet-based Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes Study assessed sociodemographic and headache features, and headache-related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment Scale). Four groups were defined based on scores from validated screeners for depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) and anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale): depression alone, anxiety alone, both, or neither.
resultsRespondents (N = 16,788) were predominantly women (74.4% [12,494/16,788]) and white (84.0% [14,044/16,788]); mean age was 41 years. Depression was more likely in persons with chronic migraine vs episodic migraine (56.6% [836/1476] vs 30.0% [4589/15,312]; P < .001), as were anxiety (48.4% [715/1476] vs 28.1% 4307/15,312]; P < .001) and coexisting depression and anxiety (42.0% [620/1476] vs 20.8% [3192/15,312]; P < .001). After controlling for headache frequency and other covariates, depression alone, and anxiety alone were associated with 56.0% (rate ratio [RR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-1.66) and 39.0% (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.30-1.50) increased risks of moderate/severe migraine-related disability (both P < .001), respectively; the combination had an even greater effect on risk of moderate/severe disability (79.0% increase; RR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.71-1.87; P < .001).
conclusionsDepression alone and anxiety alone are associated with greater headache-related disability after controlling for sociodemographic and headache features. Coexisting depression and anxiety are more strongly associated with disability than either comorbidity in isolation. Interventions targeting depression and anxiety as well as migraine itself may improve headache-related disability in people with migraine.
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