Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33448029›Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2021

Effects of three contraceptive methods on depression and sexual function: An ancillary study of the ECHO randomized trial.

Mandisa Singata-Madliki, Florence Carayon-Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, Theresa A Lawrie, Yusentha Balakrishna, G Justus Hofmeyr

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Hormones as Psychotropic Interventions in Females.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Mandisa Singata-MadlikiEffective Care Research Unit, Eastern Cape Department of Health/Universities of the Witwatersrand and Fort Hare, East London, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-8786
Florence Carayon-Lefebvre d'HellencourtFHI 360, Durham, NC, USA.
Theresa A LawrieEffective Care Research Unit, Eastern Cape Department of Health/Universities of the Witwatersrand and Fort Hare, East London, South Africa.
Yusentha BalakrishnaBiostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa.
G Justus HofmeyrEffective Care Research Unit, Eastern Cape Department of Health/Universities of the Witwatersrand and Fort Hare, East London, South Africa.
Western Cape Department of Health · ZAFamily Health International 360 · USSouth African Medical Research Council · ZA

Funding

American people through the United States Agency for International DevelopmentBill & Melinda Gates FoundationGovernment of South AfricaSouth Africa Medical Research CouncilSwedish International Development Cooperation AgencyUnited Nations Population Fund
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo compare the effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM), levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, and copper intrauterine device (IUD) on mood and sexual function.

methodsAt the Effective Care Research Unit in South Africa, women already randomized in the ECHO Trial to the three methods were asked to participate in this study. Participants were interviewed at 3 and 12 months after enrollment using the Beck Depression Inventory and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, and at 12 months using the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index and the Patient Global Impression scale.

resultsA total of 605 women participated. There was little difference in depression at 3 months across the three study groups. Contrary to our hypothesis, at 12 months, depression was lowest among DMPA-IM users (16/167, 9.6%) and highest among IUD users (28/158, 17.7%) (p = 0.032). There was little difference in sexual function at any time-point. More women in the DMPA-IM group felt "very much better" on the PGI scale than in the IUD and LNG implant groups (p = 0.003).

conclusionDepression may be less likely with DMPA-IM than with the other methods 1 year after initiation. Major differences in sexual functioning are unlikely. Unhappiness related to not using DMPA-IM, the most popular method in our setting, may have skewed results. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PACTR201706001651380.

Indexed as

Intrauterine Devices, CopperAdultContraceptionContraceptive Agents, FemaleDepressionFemaleHumansLevonorgestrelMedroxyprogesterone AcetateSouth AfricaYoung AdultContraceptive Agents, FemaleLevonorgestrelMedroxyprogesterone Acetatecontraceptiondepot medroxyprogesterone acetatedepressionimplantintrauterine devicelibidosexual function

Identifiers

PMID33448029
PMCPMC8359257
OpenAlexW3118894161

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.