ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2021
Intelligent automated drug administration and therapy: future of healthcare.
Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Materials and System Design for Self-Decision Bioelectronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Building Artificial Neural Networks for the Optimization of Sustained-Release Kinetics of Metronidazole from Colonic Hydrophilic Matrices.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Smart closed-loop drug delivery systems.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Design research on a smart infusion device to reduce medical workload and enhance patient safety.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Polymerase Chain Reaction Chips for Biomarker Discovery and Validation in Drug Development.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Electroactive Polymers for On-Demand Drug Release.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
- Etodolac utility in osteoarthritis: drug delivery challenges, topical nanotherapeutic strategies and potential synergies.Therapeutic delivery · 2024Review
- Artificial Intelligence's Impact on Drug Discovery and Development From Bench to Bedside.Cureus · 2023Review
- Systemic inflammation as a biomarker of seizure propensity and a target for treatment to reduce seizure propensity.Epilepsia open · 2023Review
- Electrochemical Microneedles: Innovative Instruments in Health Care.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Translational Bioinformatics to Enable Precision Medicine for All: Elevating Equity across Molecular, Clinical, and Digital Realms.Yearbook of medical informatics · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Wearable Sensing Technologies.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the twenty-first century, the collaboration of control engineering and the healthcare sector has matured to some extent; however, the future will have promising opportunities, vast applications, and some challenges. Due to advancements in processing speed, the closed-loop administration of drugs has gained popularity for critically ill patients in intensive care units and routine life such as personalized drug delivery or implantable therapeutic devices. For developing a closed-loop drug delivery system, the control system works with a group of technologies like sensors, micromachining, wireless technologies, and pharmaceuticals. Recently, the integration of artificial intelligence techniques such as fuzzy logic, neural network, and reinforcement learning with the closed-loop drug delivery systems has brought their applications closer to fully intelligent automatic healthcare systems. This review's main objectives are to discuss the current developments, possibilities, and future visions in closed-loop drug delivery systems, for providing treatment to patients suffering from chronic diseases. It summarizes the present insight of closed-loop drug delivery/therapy for diabetes, gastrointestinal tract disease, cancer, anesthesia administration, cardiac ailments, and neurological disorders, from a perspective to show the research in the area of control theory.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.