ArticleBreast care (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Does Internal Mammary Node Irradiation for Breast Cancer Make a Significant Difference to the Diameter of the Internal Mammary Artery? Correlation with Computed Tomography.
Article in Breast care (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Adjuvant Treatments on Recipient Vessel Diameter for Free Flap Breast Reconstruction Using Computed Tomographic Angiography Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- The role of cardiac surgery in radiation-associated heart disease: a scoping review.General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2023Article
- Blood flow characteristics of the bilateral internal thoracic artery: implications of optimal graft configuration for coronary artery bypass grafting to maximize blood supply.General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2023Article
- Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Cancer Survivors:JACC. CardioOncology · 2023Review
- Contralateral internal mammary vessels - a rescue recipient vessels option in breast reconstruction.Case reports in plastic surgery & hand surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveLymphatic irradiation in breast cancer improves locoregional control and has been shown to decrease distant metastasis. However, irradiation also accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis and can cause stenosis, not only in the coronary arteries but also in the internal mammary artery (IMA). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of radiation on IMAs via computed tomography (CT).
methodsWe reviewed the data of 3,612 patients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy (RT) between January 2010 and December 2016. We included 239 patients with appropriate imaging and nodal irradiation in the study. All patients were treated with lymphatic irradiation of 46-50 Gy, and a boost dose (6-10 Gy) to the involved internal mammary nodes (IMNs) when imaging studies demonstrated pathological enlargement. Bilateral IMA diameter and the presence of calcification were assessed via thin contrast-enhanced CT and those of ipsilateral irradiated IMAs were compared with those of contralateral nonirradiated IMAs.
resultsThe mean diameter of irradiated IMAs was significantly shorter than that of nonirradiated IMAs, regardless of laterality. All vascular calcifications were determined on the irradiated side. A boost dose of radiation to the IMNs and radiation technique did not significantly affect the IMA diameter or the presence of calcification.
conclusionsThe diameter of the IMA is decreased due to RT regardless of laterality, radiation technique, and administration of a boost dose. Evaluation of vessels on CT before coronary artery bypass graft or flap reconstruction can help the surgeon select the most appropriate vessel.
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