Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33446857›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2021

Whole brain dynamics during optogenetic self-stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex in mice.

Christopher G Cover, Andrew J Kesner, Shehzad Ukani, Elliot A Stein, Satoshi Ikemoto, Yihong Yang, Hanbing Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Where do we stand on fMRI in awake mice?Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Optogenetic fMRI for Brain-Wide Circuit Analysis of Sensory Processing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Neuromodulation in Small Animal fMRI.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Charting the path in rodent functional neuroimaging.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. High-resolution awake mouse fMRI at 14 Tesla.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Hemodynamic transient and functional connectivity follow structural connectivity and cell type over the brain hierarchy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Christopher G CoverNeuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Andrew J KesnerBehavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Shehzad UkaniNeuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Elliot A SteinNeuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0593-0269
Satoshi IkemotoBehavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0732-7386
Yihong YangNeuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. yihongyang@mail.nih.gov.
Hanbing LuNeuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. luha@mail.nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0003-0469-4321

Funding

Correlates of motivation and rewardZIADA000550 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI IKEMOTO, SATOSHI · 2009 to 2025
$15.9M
Neuroimaging of preclinical models of substance use disordersZIADA000638 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI YANG, YIHONG · 2021 to 2025
$12.5M
Translational addiction neurobiologyZIADA000597 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI STEIN, ELLIOT A · 2013 to 2021
$6.2M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intracranial self-stimulation, in which an animal performs an operant response to receive regional brain electrical stimulation, is a widely used procedure to study motivated behavior. While local neuronal activity has long been measured immediately before or after the operant, imaging the whole brain in real-time remains a challenge. Herein we report a method that permits functional MRI (fMRI) of brain dynamics while mice are cued to perform an operant task: licking a spout to receive optogenetic stimulation to the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) during a cue ON, but not cue OFF. Licking during cue ON results in activation of a widely distributed network consistent with underlying MPFC projections, while licking during cue OFF (without optogenetic stimulation) leads to negative fMRI signal in brain regions involved in acute extinction. Noninvasive whole brain readout combined with circuit-specific neuromodulation opens an avenue for investigating adaptive behavior in both healthy and disease models.

Indexed as

AnimalsBehavior, AnimalBrainCuesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLOptogeneticsPrefrontal CortexSucroseSucrose

Identifiers

PMID33446857
PMCPMC7809041

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.