Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33446676›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Nuclear resonance fluorescence drug inspection.

Haoyang Lan, Tan Song, Xingde Huang, Shengqiang Zhao, Jianliang Zhou, Zhichao Zhu, Yi Xu, Dimiter L Balabanski, Wen Luo

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Haoyang LanSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Tan SongSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Xingde HuangSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Shengqiang ZhaoSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Jianliang ZhouSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Zhichao ZhuSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Yi XuExtreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), 30 Reactorului Str., 077125, Buchurest-Magurele, Romania.
Dimiter L BalabanskiExtreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), 30 Reactorului Str., 077125, Buchurest-Magurele, Romania.
Wen LuoSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China. wenluo-ok@163.com.
University of South China · CNHoria Hulubei National Institute for R and D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering · RO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is an increasing challenge to prevent illicit drug smuggling across borders and seaports. However, the existing techniques in-and-of-themselves are not sufficient to identify the illicit drugs rapidly and accurately. In the present study, combining nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) spectroscopy and the element (or isotope) ratio approach, we present a novel inspection method that can simultaneously reveal the elemental (or isotopic) composition of the illicit drugs, such as widely abused methamphetamine, cocaine, heroin, ketamine and morphine. In the NRF spectroscopy, the nuclei are excited by the induced photon beam, and measurement of the characteristic energies of the emitted [Formula: see text] rays from the distinct energy levels in the excited nuclei provides "fingerprints" of the interested elements in the illicit drugs. The element ratio approach is further used to identify drug elemental composition in principle. Monte Carlo simulations show that four NRF peaks from the nuclei [Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]N and [Formula: see text]O can be detected with high significance of 7-24[Formula: see text] using an induced photon beam flux of [Formula: see text]. The ratio of [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] and/or [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] for illicit drugs inspected are then extracted using the element ratio approach. It is found that the present results of simulations are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The feasibility to detect the illicit drugs, inside the 15-mm-thick iron shielding, or surrounded by thin benign materials, is also discussed. It is indicated that, using the state-of-the-art [Formula: see text]-ray source of high intensity and energy-tunability, the proposed method has a great potential for identifying drugs and explosives in a realistic measurement time.

Indexed as

NarcoticsSpectrum AnalysisNarcotics

Identifiers

PMID33446676
PMCPMC7809066
OpenAlexW3123555260

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.