Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33446152›Full record

Trial reportBMC psychiatry2021

One year follow-up and mediation in cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for adult depression.

Jacqueline G L A-Tjak, Nexhmedin Morina, Maurice Topper, Paul M G Emmelkamp

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01517503 (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy vs. Cognitive Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01517503 nacompletednot on this map

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy vs. Cognitive Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorVU University of AmsterdamRan2011 to 2015Enrolled82ConditionsMajor Depressive DisorderArmsCognitive Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Do we really need a process-based approach to psychotherapy?World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jacqueline G L A-TjakSkils, Dr van Deenweg 98, 8025 BJ, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
Nexhmedin MorinaInstitute of Psychology, University of Münster, Fliednerstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany. morina@uni-muenster.de.ORCID 0000-0002-2331-9140
Maurice TopperGGZ-Noord-Holland-Noord, Stationsplein 138, 1703 WC, Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands.
Paul M G EmmelkampDepartment of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129 B, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord · NLUniversity of Amsterdam · NLUniversity of Münster · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExisting therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change.

methodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering, and experiential avoidance.

resultsPatients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms (d = - 1.26 to - 1.60) and improvement in quality of life (d = 0.91 to - 1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only.

conclusionsOur results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression.

trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov; NCT01517503 . Registered 25 January 2012 - Retrospectively registered.

Indexed as

Acceptance and Commitment TherapyCognitive Behavioral TherapyMajor Depressive DisorderAdultDepressionFollow-Up StudiesHumansQuality of LifeTreatment OutcomeAcceptance and commitment therapyCognitive behavior therapyDepressionFollow-upMediationRCT

Identifiers

PMID33446152
PMCPMC7807695
OpenAlexW3115017277

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.