Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33445826›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and health2021

Associations of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular risk among people living with HIV/AIDS in Korea.

Kyong Sil Park, Seon Young Hwang, Bo Youl Choi, June Kim, Sang Il Kim, Woo-Joo Kim, Chun Kang

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Kyong Sil ParkSchool of Nursing, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, Korea.
Seon Young HwangSchool of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
Bo Youl ChoiInstitute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
June KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Sang Il KimDivision of Infectious Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Woo-Joo KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Chun KangDivision of AIDS, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea.
Hanyang University · KRCheju Halla University · KRKorea National Institute of Health · KRKorea University · KRThe Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital · KRYonsei University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesAs HIV/AIDS is becoming a chronic disease, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people living with HIV/AIDS is rising. Anxiety and depression, which are common among people living with HIV/AIDS, have been linked with CVD. This study investigated the risk of CVD in people living with HIV/AIDS and explored the effects of depression and anxiety on CVD risk.

methodsData were collected for 457 people enrolled in the Korea Cohort HIV/AIDS study after 2010. Framingham risk scores were calculated to quantify the 10-year risk of developing CVD. Depression and anxiety variables were re-coded as a single combined variable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for age, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity after entry into the cohort, and depression/anxiety.

resultsParticipants with both depression and anxiety were 2.28 times more likely than those with neither depression nor anxiety to have moderate/high-risk CVD risk. The 10-year risk of developing CVD was affected by LDL cholesterol, TG, age, and duration of HIV infection. LDL cholesterol and TG levels change according to the duration of HIV infection, and metabolic disorders affect the risk of CVD. Thus, a longer duration of HIV infection is associated with a higher risk of developing CVD.

conclusionsScreenings for depression and anxiety need to be provided regularly to assess the severity of those symptoms. To help decrease their risk of developing CVD, people living with HIV/AIDS should be offered behavioral modification interventions aimed at developing healthy lifestyle habits.

Indexed as

AdultAnxietyCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesDepressionFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaRisk AssessmentAcquired immunodeficiency syndromeAnxietyCardiovascular diseaseDepressive disorderHuman immunodeficiency virus

Identifiers

PMID33445826
PMCPMC7952836
OpenAlexW3114119205

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.