ReviewAmerican journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM2021
Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: a review.
Review in American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cadmium Associated Preeclampsia: A Systematic Literature Review of Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes.Biological trace element research · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental Exposure to Per- and Polyfluorylalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Reproductive Outcomes in the General Population: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal Mercury Exposure and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential pathway linking DL-PCB exposure to intrauterine growth retardation.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Article
- The silent crisis: investigating the impact of environmental pollutants on embryo-fetal development: a narrative review of the Group of Special Interest for Environment of the Italian Society of Fertility and Sterility and Reproductive Medicine.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Review
- Article
- Environmental Toxicants in the Hispanic Community Epigenetically Contributing to Preeclampsia.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia: Modern Strategies and the Role of Early Screening.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Camp fire and perinatal health: an example of the generalized synthetic control method to identify susceptible windows of exposure.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Associations of Blood and Urinary Heavy Metals with Stress Urinary Incontinence Risk Among Adults in NHANES, 2003-2018.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- The Impact of Mercury from Dental Amalgams on Pregnancy and Childhood: A Health and Risk Assessment Evaluation.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Interplay Between Vitamin D Levels and Heavy Metals Exposure in Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Systematic Review.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Bread Consumption-Induced Heavy Metal Exposures and Health Risk Assessment of Pregnant Women: Turkey.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- An exploratory study on the association of multiple metals in serum with preeclampsia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Exploring the link between the pediatric exposome, respiratory health, and executive function in children: a narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Preterm Birth and Metal Mixture Exposure among Pregnant Women from the Navajo Birth Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Preeclampsia and preterm birth are among the most common pregnancy complications and are the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the United States. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are multifactorial in nature and increasing evidence suggests that the pathophysiology behind preterm birth and preeclampsia may be similar-specifically, both of these disorders may involve abnormalities in placental vasculature. A growing body of literature supports that exposure to environmental contaminants in the air, water, soil, and consumer and household products serves as a key factor influencing the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In pregnant women, toxic metals have been detected in urine, peripheral blood, nail clippings, and amniotic fluid. The placenta serves as a "gatekeeper" between maternal and fetal exposures, because it can reduce or enhance fetal exposure to various toxicants. Proposed mechanisms underlying toxicant-mediated damage include disrupted placental vasculogenesis, an up-regulated proinflammatory state, oxidative stressors contributing to prostaglandin production and consequent cervical ripening, uterine contractions, and ruptured membranes and epigenetic changes that contribute to disrupted regulation of endocrine and immune system signaling. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of studies examining the relationships between environmental contaminants in the US setting, specifically inorganic (eg, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and mercury) and organic (eg, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) toxicants, and the development of preeclampsia and preterm birth among women in the United States.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.