ArticlePloS one2021
The application of WHO ICD-PM: Feasibility for the classification of timing and causes of perinatal deaths in a busy birth centre in a low-income country.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Perinatal mortality in eastern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the globally reported International Classification of Diseases to Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM).Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The global use of the International Classification of Diseases to Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM): A systematic review.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- (De)coding perinatal deaths: applying the International Classification of Diseases to perinatal mortality to a perinatal e-registry from 16 hospitals in Benin, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda.Global health action · 2026Article
- Use of the International Classification of Diseases to Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM) with verbal autopsy to determine the causes of stillbirths and neonatal deaths in rural Cambodia: a population-based, prospective, cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Multilevel modelling of determinants of perinatal mortality in East Africa: a pooled analysis of National health survey data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Improving the Documentation of Causes of Death Certificates Based on the International Classification of Diseases Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM): The Impact of a Mixed Method Approach.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Relevant Condition at Death and customized birthweight centiles for stillbirth classification: A retrospective cohort study.Qatar medical journal · 2025Article
- Predictors of preterm neonatal mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary medical institution in Ethiopia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Can International Classification of Disease Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM) be a solution to overcome neglected tragedy? A scoping reviews.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the accuracy of International Classification of Disease Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM) codes assigned on death certificates before and after expert panel review: a mixed methods observational study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Observational
- Using verbal and social autopsy approaches to understand why neonates die in rural settings: a case study of a remote rural district in Uganda.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Development of a clinical prediction model for perinatal deaths in low resource settings.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Investigation of stillbirth causes in Suriname: application of the WHO ICD-PM tool to national-level hospital data.Global health action · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the feasibility of the application of International Classification of Diseases-10-to perinatal mortality (ICD-PM) in a busy low-income referral hospital and determine the timing and causes of perinatal deaths, and associated maternal conditions.
designProspective application of ICD-PM.
settingReferral hospital of Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania. POPULATION: Stillbirths and neonatal deaths with a birth weight above 1000 grams born between October 16th 2017 to May 31st 2018.
methodsClinical information and an adapted WHO ICD-PM interactive excel-based system were used to capture and classify the deaths according to timing, causes and associated maternal complications. Descriptive analysis was performed.
main outcome measuresTiming and causes of perinatal mortality and their associated maternal conditions.
resultsThere were 661 perinatal deaths of which 248 (37.5%) were neonatal deaths and 413 (62.5%) stillbirths. Of the stillbirths, 128 (31%) occurred antepartum, 129 (31%) intrapartum and for 156 (38%) the timing was unknown. Half (n = 64/128) of the antepartum stillbirths were unexplained. Two-thirds (67%, n = 87/129) of intrapartum stillbirths followed acute intrapartum events, and 30% (39/129) were unexplained. Of the neonatal deaths, 40% died after complications of intrapartum events.
conclusionProblems of documentation, lack of perinatal death audits, capacity for investigations, and guidelines for the unambiguous objective assignment of timing and primary causes of death are major threats for accurate determination of timing and specific primary causes of perinatal deaths.
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