Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2021
Post-Discharge Health Status and Symptoms in Patients with Severe COVID-19.
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence, risk factors and treatments for post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life issues, including symptoms, in patients with active COVID-19 or post COVID-19; a systematic literature review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Pooled it
- Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 - A systematic review.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Pooled it
- Short-term and Long-term Rates of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7).Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Pooled it
- A Review of Prolonged Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Their Implications on Dental Management.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Assessment of the Frequency and Variety of Persistent Symptoms Among Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)-A Systemic Review and Comparison of Clinical Presentation and Symptomatology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- The occurrence of long COVID: a rapid review.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Pooled it
- Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: The Persistent Symptoms at the Post-viral Stage of the Disease. A Systematic Review of the Current Data.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- COVID-19 sequelae in adults aged less than 50 years: A systematic review.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- Effects of cognitive training and group psychotherapy on cognitive performance of post COVID-19 patients: an exploratory and non-randomized clinical trial.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Trial
- Association between persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life in the post-COVID-19 condition: a cross-sectional survey in a nationally representative sample of French adults.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Prospective associations between Long COVID and mental health: evidence from a population-based study with a nearly three-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Race, Ethnicity, and Gender Differences in Patient Reported Well-Being and Cognitive Functioning Within 3 Months of Symptomatic Illness During COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Inflammatory, fibrotic and endothelial biomarker profiles in COVID-19 patients during and following hospitalization.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long COVID and Associated Factors Among Chinese Residents Aged 16 Years and Older in Canada: A Cross-Sectional Online Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Analysis of Traditional Inflammatory Markers (IL-6, CRP) Juxtaposed With Heparin-Binding Protein (HBP) and Serum Amyloid A Protein Component (SAA) During Acute Infection and Convalescence From COVID-19 Infection in the Context of Initial Viral Load and Markers of Tissue Destruction.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about long-term recovery from severe COVID-19 disease. Here, we characterize overall health, physical health, and mental health of patients 1 month after discharge for severe COVID-19.
methodsThis was a prospective single health system observational cohort study of patients ≥ 18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 disease who required at least 6 l of oxygen during admission, had intact baseline cognitive and functional status, and were discharged alive. Participants were enrolled between 30 and 40 days after discharge. Outcomes were elicited through validated survey instruments: the PROMIS® Dyspnea Characteristics and PROMIS® Global Health-10.
resultsA total of 161 patients (40.6% of eligible) were enrolled; 152 (38.3%) completed the survey. Median age was 62 years (interquartile range [IQR], 50-67); 57 (37%) were female. Overall, 113/152 (74%) participants reported shortness of breath within the prior week (median score 3 out of 10 [IQR 0-5]), vs 47/152 (31%) pre-COVID-19 infection (0, IQR 0-1), p < 0.001. Participants also rated their physical health and mental health as worse in their post-COVID state (43.8, standard deviation 9.3; mental health 47.3, SD 9.3) compared to their pre-COVID state, (54.3, SD 9.3; 54.3, SD 7.8, respectively), both p < 0.001. Physical and mental health means in the general US population are 50 (SD 10). A total of 52/148 (35.1%) patients without pre-COVID oxygen requirements needed home oxygen after hospital discharge; 20/148 (13.5%) reported still using oxygen at time of survey.
conclusionsPatients with severe COVID-19 disease typically experience sequelae affecting their respiratory status, physical health, and mental health for at least several weeks after hospital discharge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.