ReviewOpen heart2020
Manipulation of ACE2 expression in COVID-19.
Review in Open heart, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the Effects of COVID-19 Infection and COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine on Ovarian Reserve.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Expression ofBiomedical reports · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 innate immune recognition and implications for respiratory health.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2025Review
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and/or Angiotensin Receptor Blockade Modulate Cytokine Profiles and Improve Clinical Outcomes in Experimental COVID-19 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Inhaled non-viral delivery systems for RNA therapeutics.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Impact of African-Specific ACE2 Polymorphisms on Omicron BA.4/5 RBD Binding and Allosteric Communication Within the ACE2-RBD Protein Complex.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the liver function tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2025Review
- Implications of COVID-19 in Parkinson's disease: the purinergic system in a therapeutic-target perspective to diminish neurodegeneration.Purinergic signalling · 2024Review
- Effects of physical training on coagulation parameters, interleukin-6, and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 in COVID-19 survivors.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Natural Bioactive Peptide fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Transcriptome and machine learning analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on mitochondria and multiorgan damage.PloS one · 2024Article
- Individual ingredients of NP-101 (Thymoquinone formula) inhibit SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Cytotoxic and Antiviral Effects of Small Molecules Selected by In Silico Studies as Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Impact of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4is on Hospitalisation and Mortality in the COVID-19 Era: A Two-Year Observational Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Action of the Purinergic and Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathways on Oxidative Stress in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin system in hypertension: Review and update in the era of COVID-19 pandemic.Biochemical pharmacology · 2023Review
- Urokinase System in Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Hidden Threat of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- New Viral Diseases and New Possible Remedies by Means of the Pharmacology of the Renin-Angiotensin System.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS · 2023Review
- Effects of vitamin C and D on the mRNA expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor, cathepsin L, and transmembrane serine protease in the mouse lungs.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak. The virus uses ACE2 receptor for viral entry. ACE2 is part of the counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and is also expressed in the lower respiratory tract along the alveolar epithelium. There is, however, significant controversy regarding the role of ACE2 expression in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Some have argued that decreasing ACE2 expression would result in decreased susceptibility to the virus by decreasing available binding sites for SARS-CoV-2 and restricting viral entry into the cells. Others have argued that, like the pathogenesis of other viral pneumonias, including those stemming from previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) viruses, once SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2, it downregulates ACE2 expression. Lack of the favourable effects of ACE2 might exaggerate lung injury by a variety of mechanisms. In order to help address this controversy, we conducted a literature search and review of relevant preclinical and clinical publications pertaining to SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, ACE2, viral pneumonia, SARS, acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung injury. Our review suggests, although controversial, that patients at increased susceptibility to COVID-19 complications may have reduced baseline ACE2, and by modulating ACE2 expression one can possibly improve COVID-19 outcomes. Herein, we elucidate why and how this potential mechanism might work.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.