Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33442452›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of hepatology2020

Effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 inhibitors on fatty liver.

Muhammad Shafiq, Timothy Walmann, Venkat Nutalapati, Cheryl Gibson, Yousaf Zafar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of hepatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. AlirocumabCurrent cardiology reviews · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Muhammad ShafiqGeneral and Geriatric Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States. mshafiq@kumc.edu.
Timothy WalmannDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States.
Venkat NutalapatiDepartment of Gastroenterology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States.
Cheryl GibsonGeneral and Geriatric Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States.
Yousaf ZafarInternal Medicine, NCH Health Care System, Naples, FL 34102, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMany studies have investigated the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its predisposing risk factors, but the conclusions from these studies have been conflicting. More challenging is the fact that no effective treatment is currently available for NAFLD.

aimTo determine the effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on fatty infiltration of the liver.

methodsThis retrospective, chart review-based study was conducted on patients, 18-year-old and above, who were currently on PCSK9 inhibitor drug therapy. Patients were excluded from the study according to missing pre- or post-treatment imaging or laboratory values, presence of cirrhosis or rhabdomyolysis, or development of acute liver injury during the PCSK9 inhibitor treatment period; the latter being due to false elevation of liver function markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Radiographic improvement was assessed by a single radiologist, who read both the pre- and post-treatment images to minimize reading bias. Fatty infiltration of the liver was also assessed by changes in ALT and AST, with pre- and post-treatment levels compared by paired

resultsOf the 29 patients included in the study, 8 were male (27.6%) and 21 were female (72.4%). Essential hypertension was present in 25 (86.2%) of the patients, diabetes mellitus in 18 (62.1%) and obesity in 15 (51.7%). In all, patients were on PCSK9 inhibitors for a mean duration of 23.69 ± 11.18 mo until the most recent ALT and AST measures were obtained. Of the 11 patients who received the radiologic diagnosis of hepatic steatosis, 8 (72.73%) achieved complete radiologic resolution upon use of PCSK9 inhibitors (mean duration of 17.6 mo). On average, the ALT level (IU/L) decreased from 21.83 ± 11.89 at pretreatment to 17.69 ± 8.00 at post-treatment (2-tailed

conclusionPCSK9 inhibitors can slow down or even completely resolve NAFLD.

Indexed as

Alanine aminotransferaseAspartate aminotransferaseFatty liverImagingNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID33442452
PMCPMC7772734

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.