ArticleInternational journal of women's health2021
Trends and Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation in Ethiopia: Multilevel Analysis of 2000, 2005 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, underlying causes, and determinants of maternal near miss in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Determinants of female genital mutilation among daughters in Ethiopia: a negative binomial regression approach.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Healthcare and community perspectives on female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C): a qualitative study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Trends in female genital mutilation (FGM) among Senegalese women and their daughters : a secondary analysis of Senegal DHS from 2015 to 2023.BMC public health · 2025Article
- "Space to see the future"? A political economy analysis of child and adolescent mental health and well-being in Ethiopia including routes for change.Frontiers in sociology · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundFemale genital mutilation (FGM) is a harmful practice that causes health-related problems in the life of the affected women and girls. Though FGM is declared as a human right violation, studies revealed it is being practiced throughout Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence, trends, and predictors of FGM among reproductive-aged (1549 years) women in Ethiopia.
methodsTrends of FGM among reproductive-age women were estimated using the three Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS): 2000 (n=15,367), 2005 (n=14,070) and 2016 (n=7248) data. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify both individual- and community-level factors of FGM using the latest (2016) EDHS. To adjust potential confounders, the analysis was conducted considering sample weighting, clustering, and stratifications using STATA-14 software.
resultsThe prevalence of FGM among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia decreased from 79.91% in 2000 to 70.37% in 2016. Similarly, FGM among daughters of circumcised mothers decreased from 56.16% in 2000 to 16.76% in 2016. Being Muslim (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.23, 7.09), attending higher education (AOR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.54), 45-49 years old (AOR 5.06; 95% CI: 3.38, 7.57), marriage at ≥ 18 years (AOR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.96), not working (AOR 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.41), married (AOR 1.41; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.77) and residing in peripheral region (AOR 3.0.4; 95% CI: 1.96, 4.70) were determinants of FGM.
conclusionThough the reduction of FGM among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia was minimal, it was encouraging among daughters of circumcised women over the last 16 years. Education, religion, age, age at marriage, occupation, marital status, and geographical regions were determinants of FGM. Combined and integrated interventions based on the identified factors are recommended to abandon FGM in Ethiopia.
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