Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33441879›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Automation of absolute protein-ligand binding free energy calculations for docking refinement and compound evaluation.

Germano Heinzelmann, Michael K Gilson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. ModBindProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  9. HalogenatedRSC advances · 2025
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  15. Article
  16. ModBind, a Rapid Simulation-Based Predictor of Ligand Binding and Off-Rates.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025
    Article
  17. Biochemistry research international · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Germano HeinzelmannDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. germano.heinzelmann@ufsc.br.
Michael K GilsonSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, USA.

Funding

THEORY AND MODELING OF NONCOVALENT BINDINGR01GM061300 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MD BIOTECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE · PI GILSON, MICHAEL K. · 2000 to 2021
$7.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM061300
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Absolute binding free energy calculations with explicit solvent molecular simulations can provide estimates of protein-ligand affinities, and thus reduce the time and costs needed to find new drug candidates. However, these calculations can be complex to implement and perform. Here, we introduce the software BAT.py, a Python tool that invokes the AMBER simulation package to automate the calculation of binding free energies for a protein with a series of ligands. The software supports the attach-pull-release (APR) and double decoupling (DD) binding free energy methods, as well as the simultaneous decoupling-recoupling (SDR) method, a variant of double decoupling that avoids numerical artifacts associated with charged ligands. We report encouraging initial test applications of this software both to re-rank docked poses and to estimate overall binding free energies. We also show that it is practical to carry out these calculations cheaply by using graphical processing units in common machines that can be built for this purpose. The combination of automation and low cost positions this procedure to be applied in a relatively high-throughput mode and thus stands to enable new applications in early-stage drug discovery.

Indexed as

Drug DiscoveryMolecular Docking SimulationSoftwareAutomationBinding SitesBromodomain Containing ProteinsCell Cycle ProteinsCosts and Cost AnalysisLigandsMolecular Dynamics SimulationMolecular StructureMyeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 ProteinProtein BindingProtein ConformationProteinsSolventsBRD4 protein, humanBromodomain Containing ProteinsCell Cycle ProteinsLigandsMCL1 protein, humanMyeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 ProteinProteinsSolventsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID33441879
PMCPMC7806944

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.